LPN  w'Brenton's English Septuagint AdditionalLXX-EAdd'Brenton's English Septuagint Additional1851 Public DomainBrenton's English Septuagint is an English translation of the Septuagint by Sir Lancelot Charles Lee Brenton, originally published in 1851. This collection contains the books Prayer of Manasses, 3Maccabees, 4Maccabees, 1Esdras and Psalm 151.en,v?ϽCP0H{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 And Josias held the feast of the passover in Jerusalem unto his Lord, and offered the passover the fourteenth day of the first month; \par 2 Having set the priests according to their daily courses, being arrayed in long garments, in the temple of the Lord. \par 3 And he spake unto the Levites, the holy ministers of Israel, that they should hallow themselves unto the Lord, to set the holy ark of the Lord in the house that king Solomon the son of David had built: \par 4 And said, Ye shall no more bear the ark upon your shoulders: now therefore serve the Lord your God, and minister unto his people Israel, and prepare you after your families and kindreds, \par 5 According as David the king of Israel prescribed, and according to the magnificence of Solomon his son: and standing in the temple according to the several dignity of the families of you the Levites, who minister in the presence of your brethren the children of Israel, \par 6 Offer the passover in order, and make ready the sacrifices for your brethren, and keep the passover according to the commandment of the Lord, which was given unto Moses. \par 7 And unto the people that was found there Josias gave thirty thousand lambs and kids, and three thousand calves: these things were given of the king\rquote s allowance, according as he promised, to the people, to the priests, and to the Levites. \par 8 And Helkias, Zacharias, and Syelus, the governors of the temple, gave to the priests for the passover two thousand and six hundred sheep, and three hundred calves. \par 9 And Jeconias, and Samaias, and Nathanael his brother, and Assabias, and Ochiel, and Joram, captains over thousands, gave to the Levites for the passover five thousand sheep, and seven hundred calves. \par 10 And when these things were done, the priests and Levites, having the unleavened bread, stood in very comely order according to the kindreds, \par 11 And according to the several dignities of the fathers, before the people, to offer to the Lord, as it is written in the book of Moses: and thus did they in the morning. \par 12 And they roasted the passover with fire, as appertaineth: as for the sacrifices, they sod them in brass pots and pans with a good savour, \par 13 And set them before all the people: and afterward they prepared for themselves, and for the priests their brethren, the sons of Aaron. \par 14 For the priests offered the fat until night: and the Levites prepared for themselves, and the priests their brethren, the sons of Aaron. \par 15 The holy singers also, the sons of Asaph, were in their order, according to the appointment of David, to wit, Asaph, Zacharias, and Jeduthun, who was of the king\rquote s retinue. \par 16 Moreover the porters were at every gate; it was not lawful for any to go from his ordinary service: for their brethren the Levites prepared for them. \par 17 Thus were the things that belonged to the sacrifices of the Lord accomplished in that day, that they might hold the passover, \par 18 And offer sacrifices upon the altar of the Lord, according to the commandment of king Josias. \par 19 So the children of Israel which were present held the passover at that time, and the feast of sweet bread seven days. \par 20 And such a passover was not kept in Israel since the time of the prophet Samuel. \par 21 Yea, all the kings of Israel held not such a passover as Josias, and the priests, and the Levites, and the Jews, held with all Israel that were found dwelling at Jerusalem. \par 22 In the eighteenth year of the reign of Josias was this passover kept. \par 23 And the works or Josias were upright before his Lord with an heart full of godliness. \par 24 As for the things that came to pass in his time, they were written in former times, concerning those that sinned, and did wickedly against the Lord above all people and kingdoms, and how they grieved him exceedingly, so that the words of the Lord rose up against Israel. \par 25 Now after all these acts of Josias it came to pass, that Pharaoh the king of Egypt came to raise war at Carchamis upon Euphrates: and Josias went out against him. \par 26 But the king of Egypt sent to him, saying, What have I to do with thee, O king of Judea? \par 27 I am not sent out from the Lord God against thee; for my war is upon Euphrates: and now the Lord is with me, yea, the Lord is with me hasting me forward: depart from me, and be not against the Lord. \par 28 Howbeit Josias did not turn back his chariot from him, but undertook to fight with him, not regarding the words of the prophet Jeremy spoken by the mouth of the Lord: \par 29 But joined battle with him in the plain of Magiddo, and the princes came against king Josias. \par 30 Then said the king unto his servants, Carry me away out of the battle; for I am very weak. And immediately his servants took him away out of the battle. \par 31 Then gat he up upon his second chariot; and being brought back to Jerusalem died, and was buried in his father\rquote s sepulchre. \par 32 And in all Jewry they mourned for Josias, yea, Jeremy the prophet lamented for Josias, and the chief men with the women made lamentation for him unto this day: and this was given out for an ordinance to be done continually in all the nation of Israel. \par 33 These things are written in the book of the stories of the kings of Judah, and every one of the acts that Josias did, and his glory, and his understanding in the law of the Lord, and the things that he had done before, and the things now recited, are reported in the book of the kings of Israel and Judea. \par 34 And the people took Joachaz the son of Josias, and made him king instead of Josias his father, when he was twenty and three years old. \par 35 And he reigned in Judea and in Jerusalem three months: and then the king of Egypt deposed him from reigning in Jerusalem. \par 36 And he set a tax upon the land of an hundred talents of silver and one talent of gold. \par 37 The king of Egypt also made king Joacim his brother king of Judea and Jerusalem. \par 38 And he bound Joacim and the nobles: but Zaraces his brother he apprehended, and brought him out of Egypt. \par 39 Five and twenty years old was Joacim when he was made king in the land of Judea and Jerusalem; and he did evil before the Lord. \par 40 Wherefore against him Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon came up, and bound him with a chain of brass, and carried him into Babylon. \par 41 Nabuchodonosor also took of the holy vessels of the Lord, and carried them away, and set them in his own temple at Babylon. \par 42 But those things that are recorded of him, and of his uncleanness and impiety, are written in the chronicles of the kings. \par 43 And Joacim his son reigned in his stead: he was made king being eighteen years old; \par 44 And reigned but three months and ten days in Jerusalem; and did evil before the Lord. \par 45 So after a year Nabuchodonosor sent and caused him to be brought into Babylon with the holy vessels of the Lord; \par 46 And made Zedechias king of Judea and Jerusalem, when he was one and twenty years old; and he reigned eleven years: \par 47 And he did evil also in the sight of the Lord, and cared not for the words that were spoken unto him by the prophet Jeremy from the mouth of the Lord. \par 48 And after that king Nabuchodonosor had made him to swear by the name of the Lord, he forswore himself, and rebelled; and hardening his neck, his heart, he transgressed the laws of the Lord God of Israel. \par 49 The governors also of the people and of the priests did many things against the laws, and passed all the pollutions of all nations, and defiled the temple of the Lord, which was sanctified in Jerusalem. \par 50 Nevertheless the God of their fathers sent by his messenger to call them back, because he spared them and his tabernacle also. \par 51 But they had his messengers in derision; and, look, when the Lord spake unto them, they made a sport of his prophets: \par 52 So far forth, that he, being wroth with his people for their great ungodliness, commanded the kings of the Chaldees to come up against them; \par 53 Who slew their young men with the sword, yea, even within the compass of their holy temple, and spared neither young man nor maid, old man nor child, among them; for he delivered all into their hands. \par 54 And they took all the holy vessels of the Lord, both great and small, with the vessels of the ark of God, and the king\rquote s treasures, and carried them away into Babylon. \par 55 As for the house of the Lord, they burnt it, and brake down the walls of Jerusalem, and set fire upon her towers: \par 56 And as for her glorious things, they never ceased till they had consumed and brought them all to nought: and the people that were not slain with the sword he carried unto Babylon: \par 57 Who became servants to him and his children, till the Persians reigned, to fulfil the word of the Lord spoken by the mouth of Jeremy: \par 58 Until the land had enjoyed her sabbaths, the whole time of her desolation shall she rest, until the full term of seventy years. \par } ){\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 In the first year of Cyrus king of the Persians, that the word of the Lord might be accomplished, that he had promised by the mouth of Jeremy; \par 2 The Lord raised up the spirit of Cyrus the king of the Persians, and he made proclamation through all his kingdom, and also by writing, \par 3 Saying, Thus saith Cyrus king of the Persians; The Lord of Israel, the most high Lord, hath made me king of the whole world, \par 4 And commanded me to build him an house at Jerusalem in Jewry. \par 5 If therefore there be any of you that are of his people, let the Lord, even his Lord, be with him, and let him go up to Jerusalem that is in Judea, and build the house of the Lord of Israel: for he is the Lord that dwelleth in Jerusalem. \par 6 Whosoever then dwell in the places about, let them help him, those, I say, that are his neighbours, with gold, and with silver, \par 7 With gifts, with horses, and with cattle, and other things, which have been set forth by vow, for the temple of the Lord at Jerusalem. \par 8 Then the chief of the families of Judea and of the tribe of Benjamin stood up; the priests also, and the Levites, and all they whose mind the Lord had moved to go up, and to build an house for the Lord at Jerusalem, \par 9 And they that dwelt round about them, and helped them in all things with silver and gold, with horses and cattle, and with very many free gifts of a great number whose minds were stirred up thereto. \par 10 King Cyrus also brought forth the holy vessels, which Nabuchodonosor had carried away from Jerusalem, and had set up in his temple of idols. \par 11 Now when Cyrus king of the Persians had brought them forth, he delivered them to Mithridates his treasurer: \par 12 And by him they were delivered to Sanabassar the governor of Judea. \par 13 And this was the number of them; A thousand golden cups, and a thousand of silver, censers of silver twenty nine, vials of gold thirty, and of silver two thousand four hundred and ten, and a thousand other vessels. \par 14 So all the vessels of gold and of silver, which were carried away, were five thousand four hundred threescore and nine. \par 15 These were brought back by Sanabassar, together with them of the captivity, from Babylon to Jerusalem. \par 16 But in the time of Artaxerxes king of the Persians Belemus, and Mithridates, and Tabellius, and Rathumus, and Beeltethmus, and Semellius the secretary, with others that were in commission with them, dwelling in Samaria and other places, wrote unto him against them that dwelt in Judea and Jerusalem these letters following; \par 17 To king Artaxerxes our lord, Thy servants, Rathumus the storywriter, and Semellius the scribe, and the rest of their council, and the judges that are in Celosyria and Phenice. \par 18 Be it now known to the lord king, that the Jews that are up from you to us, being come into Jerusalem, that rebellious and wicked city, do build the marketplaces, and repair the walls of it and do lay the foundation of the temple. \par 19 Now if this city and the walls thereof be made up again, they will not only refuse to give tribute, but also rebel against kings. \par 20 And forasmuch as the things pertaining to the temple are now in hand, we think it meet not to neglect such a matter, \par 21 But to speak unto our lord the king, to the intent that, if it be thy pleasure it may be sought out in the books of thy fathers: \par 22 And thou shalt find in the chronicles what is written concerning these things, and shalt understand that that city was rebellious, troubling both kings and cities: \par 23 And that the Jews were rebellious, and raised always wars therein; for the which cause even this city was made desolate. \par 24 Wherefore now we do declare unto thee, O lord the king, that if this city be built again, and the walls thereof set up anew, thou shalt from henceforth have no passage into Celosyria and Phenice. \par 25 Then the king wrote back again to Rathumus the storywriter, to Beeltethmus, to Semellius the scribe, and to the rest that were in commission, and dwellers in Samaria and Syria and Phenice, after this manner; \par 26 I have read the epistle which ye have sent unto me: therefore I commanded to make diligent search, and it hath been found that that city was from the beginning practising against kings; \par 27 And the men therein were given to rebellion and war: and that mighty kings and fierce were in Jerusalem, who reigned and exacted tributes in Celosyria and Phenice. \par 28 Now therefore I have commanded to hinder those men from building the city, and heed to be taken that there be no more done in it; \par 29 And that those wicked workers proceed no further to the annoyance of kings, \par 30 Then king Artaxerxes his letters being read, Rathumus, and Semellius the scribe, and the rest that were in commission with them, removing in haste toward Jerusalem with a troop of horsemen and a multitude of people in battle array, began to hinder the builders; and the building of the temple in Jerusalem ceased until the second year of the reign of Darius king of the Persians. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 Now when Darius reigned, he made a great feast unto all his subjects, and unto all his household, and unto all the princes of Media and Persia, \par 2 And to all the governors and captains and lieutenants that were under him, from India unto Ethiopia, of an hundred twenty and seven provinces. \par 3 And when they had eaten and drunken, and being satisfied were gone home, then Darius the king went into his bedchamber, and slept, and soon after awaked. \par 4 Then three young men, that were of the guard that kept the king\rquote s body, spake one to another; \par 5 Let every one of us speak a sentence: he that shall overcome, and whose sentence shall seem wiser than the others, unto him shall the king Darius give great gifts, and great things in token of victory: \par 6 As, to be clothed in purple, to drink in gold, and to sleep upon gold, and a chariot with bridles of gold, and an headtire of fine linen, and a chain about his neck: \par 7 And he shall sit next to Darius because of his wisdom, and shall be called Darius his cousin. \par 8 And then every one wrote his sentence, sealed it, and laid it under king Darius his pillow; \par 9 And said that, when the king is risen, some will give him the writings; and of whose side the king and the three princes of Persia shall judge that his sentence is the wisest, to him shall the victory be given, as was appointed. \par 10 The first wrote, Wine is the strongest. \par 11 The second wrote, The king is strongest. \par 12 The third wrote, Women are strongest: but above all things Truth beareth away the victory. \par 13 Now when the king was risen up, they took their writings, and delivered them unto him, and so he read them: \par 14 And sending forth he called all the princes of Persia and Media, and the governors, and the captains, and the lieutenants, and the chief officers; \par 15 And sat him down in the royal seat of judgement; and the writings were read before them. \par 16 And he said, Call the young men, and they shall declare their own sentences. So they were called, and came in. \par 17 And he said unto them, Declare unto us your mind concerning the writings. Then began the first, who had spoken of the strength of wine; \par 18 And he said thus, O ye men, how exceeding strong is wine! it causeth all men to err that drink it: \par 19 It maketh the mind of the king and of the fatherless child to be all one; of the bondman and of the freeman, of the poor man and of the rich: \par 20 It turneth also every thought into jollity and mirth, so that a man remembereth neither sorrow nor debt: \par 21 And it maketh every heart rich, so that a man remembereth neither king nor governor; and it maketh to speak all things by talents: \par 22 And when they are in their cups, they forget their love both to friends and brethren, and a little after draw out swords: \par 23 But when they are from the wine, they remember not what they have done. \par 24 O ye men, is not wine the strongest, that enforceth to do thus? And when he had so spoken, he held his peace. \par } F{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 Then the second, that had spoken of the strength of the king, began to say, \par 2 O ye men, do not men excel in strength that bear rule over sea and land and all things in them? \par 3 But yet the king is more mighty: for he is lord of all these things, and hath dominion over them; and whatsoever he commandeth them they do. \par 4 If he bid them make war the one against the other, they do it: if he send them out against the enemies, they go, and break down mountains walls and towers. \par 5 They slay and are slain, and transgress not the king\rquote s commandment: if they get the victory, they bring all to the king, as well the spoil, as all things else. \par 6 Likewise for those that are no soldiers, and have not to do with wars, but use husbandry, when they have reaped again that which they had sown, they bring it to the king, and compel one another to pay tribute unto the king. \par 7 And yet he is but one man: if he command to kill, they kill; if he command to spare, they spare; \par 8 If he command to smite, they smite; if he command to make desolate, they make desolate; if he command to build, they build; \par 9 If he command to cut down, they cut down; if he command to plant, they plant. \par 10 So all his people and his armies obey him: furthermore he lieth down, he eateth and drinketh, and taketh his rest: \par 11 And these keep watch round about him, neither may any one depart, and do his own business, neither disobey they him in any thing. \par 12 O ye men, how should not the king be mightiest, when in such sort he is obeyed? And he held his tongue. \par 13 Then the third, who had spoken of women, and of the truth, (this was Zorobabel) began to speak. \par 14 O ye men, it is not the great king, nor the multitude of men, neither is it wine, that excelleth; who is it then that ruleth them, or hath the lordship over them? are they not women? \par 15 Women have borne the king and all the people that bear rule by sea and land. \par 16 Even of them came they: and they nourished them up that planted the vineyards, from whence the wine cometh. \par 17 These also make garments for men; these bring glory unto men; and without women cannot men be. \par 18 Yea, and if men have gathered together gold and silver, or any other goodly thing, do they not love a woman which is comely in favour and beauty? \par 19 And letting all those things go, do they not gape, and even with open mouth fix their eyes fast on her; and have not all men more desire unto her than unto silver or gold, or any goodly thing whatsoever? \par 20 A man leaveth his own father that brought him up, and his own country, and cleaveth unto his wife. \par 21 He sticketh not to spend his life with his wife. and remembereth neither father, nor mother, nor country. \par 22 By this also ye must know that women have dominion over you: do ye not labour and toil, and give and bring all to the woman? \par 23 Yea, a man taketh his sword, and goeth his way to rob and to steal, to sail upon the sea and upon rivers; \par 24 And looketh upon a lion, and goeth in the darkness; and when he hath stolen, spoiled, and robbed, he bringeth it to his love. \par 25 Wherefore a man loveth his wife better than father or mother. \par 26 Yea, many there be that have run out of their wits for women, and become servants for their sakes. \par 27 Many also have perished, have erred, and sinned, for women. \par 28 And now do ye not believe me? is not the king great in his power? do not all regions fear to touch him? \par 29 Yet did I see him and Apame the king\rquote s concubine, the daughter of the admirable Bartacus, sitting at the right hand of the king, \par 30 And taking the crown from the king\rquote s head, and setting it upon her own head; she also struck the king with her left hand. \par 31 And yet for all this the king gaped and gazed upon her with open mouth: if she laughed upon him, he laughed also: but if she took any displeasure at him, the king was fain to flatter, that she might be reconciled to him again. \par 32 O ye men, how can it be but women should be strong, seeing they do thus? \par 33 Then the king and the princes looked one upon another: so he began to speak of the truth. \par 34 O ye men, are not women strong? great is the earth, high is the heaven, swift is the sun in his course, for he compasseth the heavens round about, and fetcheth his course again to his own place in one day. \par 35 Is he not great that maketh these things? therefore great is the truth, and stronger than all things. \par 36 All the earth crieth upon the truth, and the heaven blesseth it: all works shake and tremble at it, and with it is no unrighteous thing. \par 37 Wine is wicked, the king is wicked, women are wicked, all the children of men are wicked, and such are all their wicked works; and there is no truth in them; in their unrighteousness also they shall perish. \par 38 As for the truth, it endureth, and is Always strong; it liveth and conquereth for evermore. \par 39 With her there is no accepting of persons or rewards; but she doeth the things that are just, and refraineth from all unjust and wicked things; and all men do well like of her works. \par 40 Neither in her judgement is any unrighteousness; and she is the strength, kingdom, power, and majesty, of all ages. Blessed be the God of truth. \par 41 And with that he held his peace. And all the people then shouted, and said, Great is Truth, and mighty above all things. \par 42 Then said the king unto him, Ask what thou wilt more than is appointed in the writing, and we will give it thee, because thou art found wisest; and thou shalt sit next me, and shalt be called my cousin. \par 43 Then said he unto the king, Remember thy vow, which thou hast vowed to build Jerusalem, in the day when thou camest to thy kingdom, \par 44 And to send away all the vessels that were taken away out of Jerusalem, which Cyrus set apart, when he vowed to destroy Babylon, and to send them again thither. \par 45 Thou also hast vowed to build up the temple, which the Edomites burned when Judea was made desolate by the Chaldees. \par 46 And now, O lord the king, this is that which I require, and which I desire of thee, and this is the princely liberality proceeding from thyself: I desire therefore that thou make good the vow, the performance whereof with thine own mouth thou hast vowed to the King of heaven. \par 47 Then Darius the king stood up, and kissed him, and wrote letters for him unto all the treasurers and lieutenants and captains and governors, that they should safely convey on their way both him, and all those that go up with him to build Jerusalem. \par 48 He wrote letters also unto the lieutenants that were in Celosyria and Phenice, and unto them in Libanus, that they should bring cedar wood from Libanus unto Jerusalem, and that they should build the city with him. \par 49 Moreover he wrote for all the Jews that went out of his realm up into Jewry, concerning their freedom, that no officer, no ruler, no lieutenant, nor treasurer, should forcibly enter into their doors; \par 50 And that all the country which they hold should be free without tribute; and that the Edomites should give over the villages of the Jews which then they held: \par 51 Yea, that there should be yearly given twenty talents to the building of the temple, until the time that it were built; \par 52 And other ten talents yearly, to maintain the burnt offerings upon the altar every day, as they had a commandment to offer seventeen: \par 53 And that all they that went from Babylon to build the city should have free liberty, as well they as their posterity, and all the priests that went away. \par 54 He wrote also concerning. the charges, and the priests\rquote vestments wherein they minister; \par 55 And likewise for the charges of the Levites, to be given them until the day that the house were finished, and Jerusalem builded up. \par 56 And he commanded to give to all that kept the city pensions and wages. \par 57 He sent away also all the vessels from Babylon, that Cyrus had set apart; and all that Cyrus had given in commandment, the same charged he also to be done, and sent unto Jerusalem. \par 58 Now when this young man was gone forth, he lifted up his face to heaven toward Jerusalem, and praised the King of heaven, \par 59 And said, From thee cometh victory, from thee cometh wisdom, and thine is the glory, and I am thy servant. \par 60 Blessed art thou, who hast given me wisdom: for to thee I give thanks, O Lord of our fathers. \par 61 And so he took the letters, and went out, and came unto Babylon, and told it all his brethren. \par 62 And they praised the God of their fathers, because he had given them freedom and liberty \par 63 To go up, and to build Jerusalem, and the temple which is called by his name: and they feasted with instruments of musick and gladness seven days. \par } ]{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 After this were the principal men of the families chosen according to their tribes, to go up with their wives and sons and daughters, with their menservants and maidservants, and their cattle. \par 2 And Darius sent with them a thousand horsemen, till they had brought them back to Jerusalem safely, and with musical instruments tabrets and flutes. \par 3 And all their brethren played, and he made them go up together with them. \par 4 And these are the names of the men which went up, according to their families among their tribes, after their several heads. \par 5 The priests, the sons of Phinees the son of Aaron: Jesus the son of Josedec, the son of Saraias, and Joacim the son of Zorobabel, the son of Salathiel, of the house of David, out of the kindred of Phares, of the tribe of Judah; \par 6 Who spake wise sentences before Darius the king of Persia in the second year of his reign, in the month Nisan, which is the first month. \par 7 And these are they of Jewry that came up from the captivity, where they dwelt as strangers, whom Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon had carried away unto Babylon. \par 8 And they returned unto Jerusalem, and to the other parts of Jewry, every man to his own city, who came with Zorobabel, with Jesus, Nehemias, and Zacharias, and Reesaias, Enenius, Mardocheus, Beelsarus, Aspharasus, Reelius, Roimus, and Baana, their guides. \par 9 The number of them of the nation, and their governors, sons of Phoros, two thousand an hundred seventy and two; the sons of Saphat, four hundred seventy and two: \par 10 The sons of Ares, seven hundred fifty and six: \par 11 The sons of Phaath Moab, two thousand eight hundred and twelve: \par 12 The sons of Elam, a thousand two hundred fifty and four: the sons of Zathui, nine hundred forty and five: the sons of Corbe, seven hundred and five: the sons of Bani, six hundred forty and eight: \par 13 The sons of Bebai, six hundred twenty and three: the sons of Sadas, three thousand two hundred twenty and two: \par 14 The sons of Adonikam, six hundred sixty and seven: the sons of Bagoi, two thousand sixty and six: the sons of Adin, four hundred fifty and four: \par 15 The sons of Aterezias, ninety and two: the sons of Ceilan and Azetas threescore and seven: the sons of Azuran, four hundred thirty and two: \par 16 The sons of Ananias, an hundred and one: the sons of Arom, thirty two: and the sons of Bassa, three hundred twenty and three: the sons of Azephurith, an hundred and two: \par 17 The sons of Meterus, three thousand and five: the sons of Bethlomon, an hundred twenty and three: \par 18 They of Netophah, fifty and five: they of Anathoth, an hundred fifty and eight: they of Bethsamos, forty and two: \par 19 They of Kiriathiarius, twenty and five: they of Caphira and Beroth, seven hundred forty and three: they of Pira, seven hundred: \par 20 They of Chadias and Ammidoi, four hundred twenty and two: they of Cirama and Gabdes, six hundred twenty and one: \par 21 They of Macalon, an hundred twenty and two: they of Betolius, fifty and two: the sons of Nephis, an hundred fifty and six: \par 22 The sons of Calamolalus and Onus, seven hundred twenty and five: the sons of Jerechus, two hundred forty and five: \par 23 The sons of Annas, three thousand three hundred and thirty. \par 24 The priests: the sons of Jeddu, the son of Jesus among the sons of Sanasib, nine hundred seventy and two: the sons of Meruth, a thousand fifty and two: \par 25 The sons of Phassaron, a thousand forty and seven: the sons of Carme, a thousand and seventeen. \par 26 The Levites: the sons of Jessue, and Cadmiel, and Banuas, and Sudias, seventy and four. \par 27 The holy singers: the sons of Asaph, an hundred twenty and eight. \par 28 The porters: the sons of Salum, the sons of Jatal, the sons of Talmon, the sons of Dacobi, the sons of Teta, the sons of Sami, in all an hundred thirty and nine. \par 29 The servants of the temple: the sons of Esau, the sons of Asipha, the sons of Tabaoth, the sons of Ceras, the sons of Sud, the sons of Phaleas, the sons of Labana, the sons of Graba, \par 30 The sons of Acua, the sons of Uta, the sons of Cetab, the sons of Agaba, the sons of Subai, the sons of Anan, the sons of Cathua, the sons of Geddur, \par 31 The sons of Airus, the sons of Daisan, the sons of Noeba, the sons of Chaseba, the sons of Gazera, the sons of Azia, the sons of Phinees, the sons of Azara, the sons of Bastai, the sons of Asana, the sons of Meani, the sons of Naphisi, the sons of Acub, the sons of Acipha, the sons of Assur, the sons of Pharacim, the sons of Basaloth, \par 32 The sons of Meeda, the sons of Coutha, the sons of Charea, the sons of Charcus, the sons of Aserer, the sons of Thomoi, the sons of Nasith, the sons of Atipha. \par 33 The sons of the servants of Solomon: the sons of Azaphion, the sons of Pharira, the sons of Jeeli, the sons of Lozon, the sons of Israel, the sons of Sapheth, \par 34 The sons of Hagia, the sons of Pharacareth, the sons of Sabi, the sons of Sarothie, the sons of Masias, the sons of Gar, the sons of Addus, the sons of Suba, the sons of Apherra, the sons of Barodis, the sons of Sabat, the sons of Allom. \par 35 All the ministers of the temple, and the sons of the servants of Solomon, were three hundred seventy and two. \par 36 These came up from Thermeleth and Thelersas, Charaathalar leading them, and Aalar; \par 37 Neither could they shew their families, nor their stock, how they were of Israel: the sons of Ladan, the son of Ban, the sons of Necodan, six hundred fifty and two. \par 38 And of the priests that usurped the office of the priesthood, and were not found: the sons of Obdia, the sons of Accoz, the sons of Addus, who married Augia one of the daughters of Barzelus, and was named after his name. \par 39 And when the description of the kindred of these men was sought in the register, and was not found, they were removed from executing the office of the priesthood: \par 40 For unto them said Nehemias and Atharias, that they should not be partakers of the holy things, till there arose up an high priest clothed with doctrine and truth. \par 41 So of Israel, from them of twelve years old and upward, they were all in number forty thousand, beside menservants and womenservants two thousand three hundred and sixty. \par 42 Their menservants and handmaids were seven thousand three hundred forty and seven: the singing men and singing women, two hundred forty and five: \par 43 Four hundred thirty and five camels, seven thousand thirty and six horses, two hundred forty and five mules, five thousand five hundred twenty and five beasts used to the yoke. \par 44 And certain of the chief of their families, when they came to the temple of God that is in Jerusalem, vowed to set up the house again in his own place according to their ability, \par 45 And to give into the holy treasury of the works a thousand pounds of gold, five thousand of silver, and an hundred priestly vestments. \par 46 And so dwelt the priests and the Levites and the people in Jerusalem, and in the country, the singers also and the porters; and all Israel in their villages. \par 47 But when the seventh month was at hand, and when the children of Israel were every man in his own place, they came all together with one consent into the open place of the first gate which is toward the east. \par 48 Then stood up Jesus the son of Josedec, and his brethren the priests and Zorobabel the son of Salathiel, and his brethren, and made ready the altar of the God of Israel, \par 49 To offer burnt sacrifices upon it, according as it is expressly commanded in the book of Moses the man of God. \par 50 And there were gathered unto them out of the other nations of the land, and they erected the altar upon his own place, because all the nations of the land were at enmity with them, and oppressed them; and they offered sacrifices according to the time, and burnt offerings to the Lord both morning and evening. \par 51 Also they held the feast of tabernacles, as it is commanded in the law, and offered sacrifices daily, as was meet: \par 52 And after that, the continual oblations, and the sacrifice of the sabbaths, and of the new moons, and of all holy feasts. \par 53 And all they that had made any vow to God began to offer sacrifices to God from the first day of the seventh month, although the temple of the Lord was not yet built. \par 54 And they gave unto the masons and carpenters money, meat, and drink, with cheerfulness. \par 55 Unto them of Zidon also and Tyre they gave carrs, that they should bring cedar trees from Libanus, which should be brought by floats to the haven of Joppa, according as it was commanded them by Cyrus king of the Persians. \par 56 And in the second year and second month after his coming to the temple of God at Jerusalem began Zorobabel the son of Salathiel, and Jesus the son of Josedec, and their brethren, and the priests, and the Levites, and all they that were come unto Jerusalem out of the captivity: \par 57 And they laid the foundation of the house of God in the first day of the second month, in the second year after they were come to Jewry and Jerusalem. \par 58 And they appointed the Levites from twenty years old over the works of the Lord. Then stood up Jesus, and his sons and brethren, and Cadmiel his brother, and the sons of Madiabun, with the sons of Joda the son of Eliadun, with their sons and brethren, all Levites, with one accord setters forward of the business, labouring to advance the works in the house of God. So the workmen built the temple of the Lord. \par 59 And the priests stood arrayed in their vestments with musical instruments and trumpets; and the Levites the sons of Asaph had cymbals, \par 60 Singing songs of thanksgiving, and praising the Lord, according as David the king of Israel had ordained. \par 61 And they sung with loud voices songs to the praise of the Lord, because his mercy and glory is for ever in all Israel. \par 62 And all the people sounded trumpets, and shouted with a loud voice, singing songs of thanksgiving unto the Lord for the rearing up of the house of the Lord. \par 63 Also of the priests and Levites, and of the chief of their families, the ancients who had seen the former house came to the building of this with weeping and great crying. \par 64 But many with trumpets and joy shouted with loud voice, \par 65 Insomuch that the trumpets might not be heard for the weeping of the people: yet the multitude sounded marvellously, so that it was heard afar off. \par 66 Wherefore when the enemies of the tribe of Judah and Benjamin heard it, they came to know what that noise of trumpets should mean. \par 67 And they perceived that they that were of the captivity did build the temple unto the Lord God of Israel. \par 68 So they went to Zorobabel and Jesus, and to the chief of the families, and said unto them, We will build together with you. \par 69 For we likewise, as ye, do obey your Lord, and do sacrifice unto him from the days of Azbazareth the king of the Assyrians, who brought us hither. \par 70 Then Zorobabel and Jesus and the chief of the families of Israel said unto them, It is not for us and you to build together an house unto the Lord our God. \par 71 We ourselves alone will build unto the Lord of Israel, according as Cyrus the king of the Persians hath commanded us. \par 72 But the heathen of the land lying heavy upon the inhabitants of Judea, and holding them strait, hindered their building; \par 73 And by their secret plots, and popular persuasions and commotions, they hindered the finishing of the building all the time that king Cyrus lived: so they were hindered from building for the space of two years, until the reign of Darius. \par } 0{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 Now in the second year of the reign of Darius Aggeus and Zacharias the son of Addo, the prophets, prophesied unto the Jews in Jewry and Jerusalem in the name of the Lord God of Israel, which was upon them. \par 2 Then stood up Zorobabel the son of Salatiel, and Jesus the son of Josedec, and began to build the house of the Lord at Jerusalem, the prophets of the Lord being with them, and helping them. \par 3 At the same time came unto them Sisinnes the governor of Syria and Phenice, with Sathrabuzanes and his companions, and said unto them, \par 4 By whose appointment do ye build this house and this roof, and perform all the other things? and who are the workmen that perform these things? \par 5 Nevertheless the elders of the Jews obtained favour, because the Lord had visited the captivity; \par 6 And they were not hindered from building, until such time as signification was given unto Darius concerning them, and an answer received. \par 7 The copy of the letters which Sisinnes, governor of Syria and Phenice, and Sathrabuzanes, with their companions, rulers in Syria and Phenice, wrote and sent unto Darius; To king Darius, greeting: \par 8 Let all things be known unto our lord the king, that being come into the country of Judea, and entered into the city of Jerusalem we found in the city of Jerusalem the ancients of the Jews that were of the captivity \par 9 Building an house unto the Lord, great and new, of hewn and costly stones, and the timber already laid upon the walls. \par 10 And those works are done with great speed, and the work goeth on prosperously in their hands, and with all glory and diligence is it made. \par 11 Then asked we these elders, saying, By whose commandment build ye this house, and lay the foundations of these works? \par 12 Therefore to the intent that we might give knowledge unto thee by writing, we demanded of them who were the chief doers, and we required of them the names in writing of their principal men. \par 13 So they gave us this answer, We are the servants of the Lord which made heaven and earth. \par 14 And as for this house, it was builded many years ago by a king of Israel great and strong, and was finished. \par 15 But when our fathers provoked God unto wrath, and sinned against the Lord of Israel which is in heaven, he gave them over into the power of Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon, of the Chaldees; \par 16 Who pulled down the house, and burned it, and carried away the people captives unto Babylon. \par 17 But in the first year that king Cyrus reigned over the country of Babylon Cyrus the king wrote to build up this house. \par 18 And the holy vessels of gold and of silver, that Nabuchodonosor had carried away out of the house at Jerusalem, and had set them in his own temple those Cyrus the king brought forth again out of the temple at Babylon, and they were delivered to Zorobabel and to Sanabassarus the ruler, \par 19 With commandment that he should carry away the same vessels, and put them in the temple at Jerusalem; and that the temple of the Lord should be built in his place. \par 20 Then the same Sanabassarus, being come hither, laid the foundations of the house of the Lord at Jerusalem; and from that time to this being still a building, it is not yet fully ended. \par 21 Now therefore, if it seem good unto the king, let search be made among the records of king Cyrus: \par 22 And if it be found that the building of the house of the Lord at Jerusalem hath been done with the consent of king Cyrus, and if our lord the king be so minded, let him signify unto us thereof. \par 23 Then commanded king Darius to seek among the records at Babylon: and so at Ecbatana the palace, which is in the country of Media, there was found a roll wherein these things were recorded. \par 24 In the first year of the reign of Cyrus king Cyrus commanded that the house of the Lord at Jerusalem should be built again, where they do sacrifice with continual fire: \par 25 Whose height shall be sixty cubits and the breadth sixty cubits, with three rows of hewn stones, and one row of new wood of that country; and the expenses thereof to be given out of the house of king Cyrus: \par 26 And that the holy vessels of the house of the Lord, both of gold and silver, that Nabuchodonosor took out of the house at Jerusalem, and brought to Babylon, should be restored to the house at Jerusalem, and be set in the place where they were before. \par 27 And also he commanded that Sisinnes the governor of Syria and Phenice, and Sathrabuzanes, and their companions, and those which were appointed rulers in Syria and Phenice, should be careful not to meddle with the place, but suffer Zorobabel, the servant of the Lord, and governor of Judea, and the elders of the Jews, to build the house of the Lord in that place. \par 28 I have commanded also to have it built up whole again; and that they look diligently to help those that be of the captivity of the Jews, till the house of the Lord be finished: \par 29 And out of the tribute of Celosyria and Phenice a portion carefully to be given these men for the sacrifices of the Lord, that is, to Zorobabel the governor, for bullocks, and rams, and lambs; \par 30 And also corn, salt, wine, and oil, and that continually every year without further question, according as the priests that be in Jerusalem shall signify to be daily spent: \par 31 That offerings may be made to the most high God for the king and for his children, and that they may pray for their lives. \par 32 And he commanded that whosoever should transgress, yea, or make light of any thing afore spoken or written, out of his own house should a tree be taken, and he thereon be hanged, and all his goods seized for the king. \par 33 The Lord therefore, whose name is there called upon, utterly destroy every king and nation, that stretcheth out his hand to hinder or endamage that house of the Lord in Jerusalem. \par 34 I Darius the king have ordained that according unto these things it be done with diligence. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 Then Sisinnes the governor of Celosyria and Phenice, and Sathrabuzanes, with their companions following the commandments of king Darius, \par 2 Did very carefully oversee the holy works, assisting the ancients of the Jews and governors of the temple. \par 3 And so the holy works prospered, when Aggeus and Zacharias the prophets prophesied. \par 4 And they finished these things by the commandment of the Lord God of Israel, and with the consent of Cyrus, Darius, and Artaxerxes, kings of Persia. \par 5 And thus was the holy house finished in the three and twentieth day of the month Adar, in the sixth year of Darius king of the Persians \par 6 And the children of Israel, the priests, and the Levites, and others that were of the captivity, that were added unto them, did according to the things written in the book of Moses. \par 7 And to the dedication of the temple of the Lord they offered an hundred bullocks two hundred rams, four hundred lambs; \par 8 And twelve goats for the sin of all Israel, according to the number of the chief of the tribes of Israel. \par 9 The priests also and the Levites stood arrayed in their vestments, according to their kindreds, in the service of the Lord God of Israel, according to the book of Moses: and the porters at every gate. \par 10 And the children of Israel that were of the captivity held the passover the fourteenth day of the first month, after that the priests and the Levites were sanctified. \par 11 They that were of the captivity were not all sanctified together: but the Levites were all sanctified together. \par 12 And so they offered the passover for all them of the captivity, and for their brethren the priests, and for themselves. \par 13 And the children of Israel that came out of the captivity did eat, even all they that had separated themselves from the abominations of the people of the land, and sought the Lord. \par 14 And they kept the feast of unleavened bread seven days, making merry before the Lord, \par 15 For that he had turned the counsel of the king of Assyria toward them, to strengthen their hands in the works of the Lord God of Israel. \par } s{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 And after these things, when Artaxerxes the king of the Persians reigned came Esdras the son of Saraias, the son of Ezerias, the son of Helchiah, the son of Salum, \par 2 The son of Sadduc, the son of Achitob, the son of Amarias, the son of Ezias, the son of Meremoth, the son of Zaraias, the son of Savias, the son of Boccas, the son of Abisum, the son of Phinees, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the chief priest. \par 3 This Esdras went up from Babylon, as a scribe, being very ready in the law of Moses, that was given by the God of Israel. \par 4 And the king did him honour: for he found grace in his sight in all his requests. \par 5 There went up with him also certain of the children of Israel, of the priest of the Levites, of the holy singers, porters, and ministers of the temple, unto Jerusalem, \par 6 In the seventh year of the reign of Artaxerxes, in the fifth month, this was the king\rquote s seventh year; for they went from Babylon in the first day of the first month, and came to Jerusalem, according to the prosperous journey which the Lord gave them. \par 7 For Esdras had very great skill, so that he omitted nothing of the law and commandments of the Lord, but taught all Israel the ordinances and judgements. \par 8 Now the copy of the commission, which was written from Artaxerxes the king, and came to Esdras the priest and reader of the law of the Lord, is this that followeth; \par 9 King Artaxerxes unto Esdras the priest and reader of the law of the Lord sendeth greeting: \par 10 Having determined to deal graciously, I have given order, that such of the nation of the Jews, and of the priests and Levites being within our realm, as are willing and desirous should go with thee unto Jerusalem. \par 11 As many therefore as have a mind thereunto, let them depart with thee, as it hath seemed good both to me and my seven friends the counsellors; \par 12 That they may look unto the affairs of Judea and Jerusalem, agreeably to that which is in the law of the Lord; \par 13 And carry the gifts unto the Lord of Israel to Jerusalem, which I and my friends have vowed, and all the gold and silver that in the country of Babylon can be found, to the Lord in Jerusalem, \par 14 With that also which is given of the people for the temple of the Lord their God at Jerusalem: and that silver and gold may be collected for bullocks, rams, and lambs, and things thereunto appertaining; \par 15 To the end that they may offer sacrifices unto the Lord upon the altar of the Lord their God, which is in Jerusalem. \par 16 And whatsoever thou and thy brethren will do with the silver and gold, that do, according to the will of thy God. \par 17 And the holy vessels of the Lord, which are given thee for the use of the temple of thy God, which is in Jerusalem, thou shalt set before thy God in Jerusalem. \par 18 And whatsoever thing else thou shalt remember for the use of the temple of thy God, thou shalt give it out of the king\rquote s treasury. \par 19 And I king Artaxerxes have also commanded the keepers of the treasures in Syria and Phenice, that whatsoever Esdras the priest and the reader of the law of the most high God shall send for, they should give it him with speed, \par 20 To the sum of an hundred talents of silver, likewise also of wheat even to an hundred cors, and an hundred pieces of wine, and other things in abundance. \par 21 Let all things be performed after the law of God diligently unto the most high God, that wrath come not upon the kingdom of the king and his sons. \par 22 I command you also, that ye require no tax, nor any other imposition, of any of the priests, or Levites, or holy singers, or porters, or ministers of the temple, or of any that have doings in this temple, and that no man have authority to impose any thing upon them. \par 23 And thou, Esdras, according to the wisdom of God ordain judges and justices, that they may judge in all Syria and Phenice all those that know the law of thy God; and those that know it not thou shalt teach. \par 24 And whosoever shall transgress the law of thy God, and of the king, shall be punished diligently, whether it be by death, or other punishment, by penalty of money, or by imprisonment. \par 25 Then said Esdras the scribe, Blessed be the only Lord God of my fathers, who hath put these things into the heart of the king, to glorify his house that is in Jerusalem: \par 26 And hath honoured me in the sight of the king, and his counsellors, and all his friends and nobles. \par 27 Therefore was I encouraged by the help of the Lord my God, and gathered together men of Israel to go up with me. \par 28 And these are the chief according to their families and several dignities, that went up with me from Babylon in the reign of king Artaxerxes: \par 29 Of the sons of Phinees, Gerson: of the sons of Ithamar, Gamael: of the sons of David, Lettus the son of Sechenias: \par 30 Of the sons of Pharez, Zacharias; and with him were counted an hundred and fifty men: \par 31 Of the sons of Pahath Moab, Eliaonias, the son of Zaraias, and with him two hundred men: \par 32 Of the sons of Zathoe, Sechenias the son of Jezelus, and with him three hundred men: of the sons of Adin, Obeth the son of Jonathan, and with him two hundred and fifty men: \par 33 Of the sons of Elam, Josias son of Gotholias, and with him seventy men: \par 34 Of the sons of Saphatias, Zaraias son of Michael, and with him threescore and ten men: \par 35 Of the sons of Joab, Abadias son of Jezelus, and with him two hundred and twelve men: \par 36 Of the sons of Banid, Assalimoth son of Josaphias, and with him an hundred and threescore men: \par 37 Of the sons of Babi, Zacharias son of Bebai, and with him twenty and eight men: \par 38 Of the sons of Astath, Johannes son of Acatan, and with him an hundred and ten men: \par 39 Of the sons of Adonikam the last, and these are the names of them, Eliphalet, Jewel, and Samaias, and with them seventy men: \par 40 Of the sons of Bago, Uthi the son of Istalcurus, and with him seventy men. \par 41 And these I gathered together to the river called Theras, where we pitched our tents three days: and then I surveyed them. \par 42 But when I had found there none of the priests and Levites, \par 43 Then sent I unto Eleazar, and Iduel, and Masman, \par 44 And Alnathan, and Mamaias, and Joribas, and Nathan, Eunatan, Zacharias, and Mosollamon, principal men and learned. \par 45 And I bade them that they should go unto Saddeus the captain, who was in the place of the treasury: \par 46 And commanded them that they should speak unto Daddeus, and to his brethren, and to the treasurers in that place, to send us such men as might execute the priests\rquote office in the house of the Lord. \par 47 And by the mighty hand of our Lord they brought unto us skilful men of the sons of Moli the son of Levi, the son of Israel, Asebebia, and his sons, and his brethren, who were eighteen. \par 48 And Asebia, and Annuus, and Osaias his brother, of the sons of Channuneus, and their sons, were twenty men. \par 49 And of the servants of the temple whom David had ordained, and the principal men for the service of the Levites to wit, the servants of the temple two hundred and twenty, the catalogue of whose names were shewed. \par 50 And there I vowed a fast unto the young men before our Lord, to desire of him a prosperous journey both for us and them that were with us, for our children, and for the cattle: \par 51 For I was ashamed to ask the king footmen, and horsemen, and conduct for safeguard against our adversaries. \par 52 For we had said unto the king, that the power of the Lord our God should be with them that seek him, to support them in all ways. \par 53 And again we besought our Lord as touching these things, and found him favourable unto us. \par 54 Then I separated twelve of the chief of the priests, Esebrias, and Assanias, and ten men of their brethren with them: \par 55 And I weighed them the gold, and the silver, and the holy vessels of the house of our Lord, which the king, and his council, and the princes, and all Israel, had given. \par 56 And when I had weighed it, I delivered unto them six hundred and fifty talents of silver, and silver vessels of an hundred talents, and an hundred talents of gold, \par 57 And twenty golden vessels, and twelve vessels of brass, even of fine brass, glittering like gold. \par 58 And I said unto them, Both ye are holy unto the Lord, and the vessels are holy, and the gold and the silver is a vow unto the Lord, the Lord of our fathers. \par 59 Watch ye, and keep them till ye deliver them to the chief of the priests and Levites, and to the principal men of the families of Israel, in Jerusalem, into the chambers of the house of our God. \par 60 So the priests and the Levites, who had received the silver and the gold and the vessels, brought them unto Jerusalem, into the temple of the Lord. \par 61 And from the river Theras we departed the twelfth day of the first month, and came to Jerusalem by the mighty hand of our Lord, which was with us: and from the beginning of our journey the Lord delivered us from every enemy, and so we came to Jerusalem. \par 62 And when we had been there three days, the gold and silver that was weighed was delivered in the house of our Lord on the fourth day unto Marmoth the priest the son of Iri. \par 63 And with him was Eleazar the son of Phinees, and with them were Josabad the son of Jesu and Moeth the son of Sabban, Levites: all was delivered them by number and weight. \par 64 And all the weight of them was written up the same hour. \par 65 Moreover they that were come out of the captivity offered sacrifice unto the Lord God of Israel, even twelve bullocks for all Israel, fourscore and sixteen rams, \par 66 Threescore and twelve lambs, goats for a peace offering, twelve; all of them a sacrifice to the Lord. \par 67 And they delivered the king\rquote s commandments unto the king\rquote s stewards\rquote and to the governors of Celosyria and Phenice; and they honoured the people and the temple of God. \par 68 Now when these things were done, the rulers came unto me, and said, \par 69 The nation of Israel, the princes, the priests and Levites, have not put away from them the strange people of the land, nor the pollutions of the Gentiles to wit, of the Canaanites, Hittites, Pheresites, Jebusites, and the Moabites, Egyptians, and Edomites. \par 70 For both they and their sons have married with their daughters, and the holy seed is mixed with the strange people of the land; and from the beginning of this matter the rulers and the great men have been partakers of this iniquity. \par 71 And as soon as I had heard these things, I rent my clothes, and the holy garment, and pulled off the hair from off my head and beard, and sat me down sad and very heavy. \par 72 So all they that were then moved at the word of the Lord God of Israel assembled unto me, whilst I mourned for the iniquity: but I sat still full of heaviness until the evening sacrifice. \par 73 Then rising up from the fast with my clothes and the holy garment rent, and bowing my knees, and stretching forth my hands unto the Lord, \par 74 I said, O Lord, I am confounded and ashamed before thy face; \par 75 For our sins are multiplied above our heads, and our ignorances have reached up unto heaven. \par 76 For ever since the time of our fathers we have been and are in great sin, even unto this day. \par 77 And for our sins and our fathers\rquote we with our brethren and our kings and our priests were given up unto the kings of the earth, to the sword, and to captivity, and for a prey with shame, unto this day. \par 78 And now in some measure hath mercy been shewed unto us from thee, O Lord, that there should be left us a root and a name in the place of thy sanctuary; \par 79 And to discover unto us a light in the house of the Lord our God, and to give us food in the time of our servitude. \par 80 Yea, when we were in bondage, we were not forsaken of our Lord; but he made us gracious before the kings of Persia, so that they gave us food; \par 81 Yea, and honoured the temple of our Lord, and raised up the desolate Sion, that they have given us a sure abiding in Jewry and Jerusalem. \par 82 And now, O Lord, what shall we say, having these things? for we have transgressed thy commandments, which thou gavest by the hand of thy servants the prophets, saying, \par 83 That the land, which ye enter into to possess as an heritage, is a land polluted with the pollutions of the strangers of the land, and they have filled it with their uncleanness. \par 84 Therefore now shall ye not join your daughters unto their sons, neither shall ye take their daughters unto your sons. \par 85 Moreover ye shall never seek to have peace with them, that ye may be strong, and eat the good things of the land, and that ye may leave the inheritance of the land unto your children for evermore. \par 86 And all that is befallen is done unto us for our wicked works and great sins; for thou, O Lord, didst make our sins light, \par 87 And didst give unto us such a root: but we have turned back again to transgress thy law, and to mingle ourselves with the uncleanness of the nations of the land. \par 88 Mightest not thou be angry with us to destroy us, till thou hadst left us neither root, seed, nor name? \par 89 O Lord of Israel, thou art true: for we are left a root this day. \par 90 Behold, now are we before thee in our iniquities, for we cannot stand any longer by reason of these things before thee. \par 91 And as Esdras in his prayer made his confession, weeping, and lying flat upon the ground before the temple, there gathered unto him from Jerusalem a very great multitude of men and women and children: for there was great weeping among the multitude. \par 92 Then Jechonias the son of Jeelus, one of the sons of Israel, called out, and said, O Esdras, we have sinned against the Lord God, we have married strange women of the nations of the land, and now is all Israel aloft. \par 93 Let us make an oath to the Lord, that we will put away all our wives, which we have taken of the heathen, with their children, \par 94 Like as thou hast decreed, and as many as do obey the law of the Lord. \par 95 Arise and put in execution: for to thee doth this matter appertain, and we will be with thee: do valiantly. \par 96 So Esdras arose, and took an oath of the chief of the priests and Levites of all Israel to do after these things; and so they sware. \par } 6{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 Then Esdras rising from the court of the temple went to the chamber of Joanan the son of Eliasib, \par 2 And remained there, and did eat no meat nor drink water, mourning for the great iniquities of the multitude. \par 3 And there was a proclamation in all Jewry and Jerusalem to all them that were of the captivity, that they should be gathered together at Jerusalem: \par 4 And that whosoever met not there within two or three days according as the elders that bare rule appointed, their cattle should be seized to the use of the temple, and himself cast out from them that were of the captivity. \par 5 And in three days were all they of the tribe of Judah and Benjamin gathered together at Jerusalem the twentieth day of the ninth month. \par 6 And all the multitude sat trembling in the broad court of the temple because of the present foul weather. \par 7 So Esdras arose up, and said unto them, Ye have transgressed the law in marrying strange wives, thereby to increase the sins of Israel. \par 8 And now by confessing give glory unto the Lord God of our fathers, \par 9 And do his will, and separate yourselves from the heathen of the land, and from the strange women. \par 10 Then cried the whole multitude, and said with a loud voice, Like as thou hast spoken, so will we do. \par 11 But forasmuch as the people are many, and it is foul weather, so that we cannot stand without, and this is not a work of a day or two, seeing our sin in these things is spread far: \par 12 Therefore let the rulers of the multitude stay, and let all them of our habitations that have strange wives come at the time appointed, \par 13 And with them the rulers and judges of every place, till we turn away the wrath of the Lord from us for this matter. \par 14 Then Jonathan the son of Azael and Ezechias the son of Theocanus accordingly took this matter upon them: and Mosollam and Levis and Sabbatheus helped them. \par 15 And they that were of the captivity did according to all these things. \par 16 And Esdras the priest chose unto him the principal men of their families, all by name: and in the first day of the tenth month they sat together to examine the matter. \par 17 So their cause that held strange wives was brought to an end in the first day of the first month. \par 18 And of the priests that were come together, and had strange wives, there were found: \par 19 Of the sons of Jesus the son of Josedec, and his brethren; Matthelas and Eleazar, and Joribus and Joadanus. \par 20 And they gave their hands to put away their wives and to offer rams to make reconcilement for their errors. \par 21 And of the sons of Emmer; Ananias, and Zabdeus, and Eanes, and Sameius, and Hiereel, and Azarias. \par 22 And of the sons of Phaisur; Elionas, Massias Israel, and Nathanael, and Ocidelus and Talsas. \par 23 And of the Levites; Jozabad, and Semis, and Colius, who was called Calitas, and Patheus, and Judas, and Jonas. \par 24 Of the holy singers; Eleazurus, Bacchurus. \par 25 Of the porters; Sallumus, and Tolbanes. \par 26 Of them of Israel, of the sons of Phoros; Hiermas, and Eddias, and Melchias, and Maelus, and Eleazar, and Asibias, and Baanias. \par 27 Of the sons of Ela; Matthanias, Zacharias, and Hierielus, and Hieremoth, and Aedias. \par 28 And of the sons of Zamoth; Eliadas, Elisimus, Othonias, Jarimoth, and Sabatus, and Sardeus. \par 29 Of the sons of Babai; Johannes, and Ananias and Josabad, and Amatheis. \par 30 Of the sons of Mani; Olamus, Mamuchus, Jedeus, Jasubus, Jasael, and Hieremoth. \par 31 And of the sons of Addi; Naathus, and Moosias, Lacunus, and Naidus, and Mathanias, and Sesthel, Balnuus, and Manasseas. \par 32 And of the sons of Annas; Elionas and Aseas, and Melchias, and Sabbeus, and Simon Chosameus. \par 33 And of the sons of Asom; Altaneus, and Matthias, and Baanaia, Eliphalet, and Manasses, and Semei. \par 34 And of the sons of Maani; Jeremias, Momdis, Omaerus, Juel, Mabdai, and Pelias, and Anos, Carabasion, and Enasibus, and Mamnitanaimus, Eliasis, Bannus, Eliali, Samis, Selemias, Nathanias: and of the sons of Ozora; Sesis, Esril, Azaelus, Samatus, Zambis, Josephus. \par 35 And of the sons of Ethma; Mazitias, Zabadaias, Edes, Juel, Banaias. \par 36 All these had taken strange wives, and they put them away with their children. \par 37 And the priests and Levites, and they that were of Israel, dwelt in Jerusalem, and in the country, in the first day of the seventh month: so the children of Israel were in their habitations. \par 38 And the whole multitude came together with one accord into the broad place of the holy porch toward the east: \par 39 And they spake unto Esdras the priest and reader, that he would bring the law of Moses, that was given of the Lord God of Israel. \par 40 So Esdras the chief priest brought the law unto the whole multitude from man to woman, and to all the priests, to hear law in the first day of the seventh month. \par 41 And he read in the broad court before the holy porch from morning unto midday, before both men and women; and the multitude gave heed unto the law. \par 42 And Esdras the priest and reader of the law stood up upon a pulpit of wood, which was made for that purpose. \par 43 And there stood up by him Mattathias, Sammus, Ananias, Azarias, Urias, Ezecias, Balasamus, upon the right hand: \par 44 And upon his left hand stood Phaldaius, Misael, Melchias, Lothasubus, and Nabarias. \par 45 Then took Esdras the book of the law before the multitude: for he sat honourably in the first place in the sight of them all. \par 46 And when he opened the law, they stood all straight up. So Esdras blessed the Lord God most High, the God of hosts, Almighty. \par 47 And all the people answered, Amen; and lifting up their hands they fell to the ground, and worshipped the Lord. \par 48 Also Jesus, Anus, Sarabias, Adinus, Jacubus, Sabateas, Auteas, Maianeas, and Calitas, Azarias, and Joazabdus, and Ananias, Biatas, the Levites, taught the law of the Lord, making them withal to understand it. \par 49 Then spake Attharates unto Esdras the chief priest. and reader, and to the Levites that taught the multitude, even to all, saying, \par 50 This day is holy unto the Lord; (for they all wept when they heard the law:) \par 51 Go then, and eat the fat, and drink the sweet, and send part to them that have nothing; \par 52 For this day is holy unto the Lord: and be not sorrowful; for the Lord will bring you to honour. \par 53 So the Levites published all things to the people, saying, This day is holy to the Lord; be not sorrowful. \par 54 Then went they their way, every one to eat and drink, and make merry, and to give part to them that had nothing, and to make great cheer; \par 55 Because they understood the words wherein they were instructed, and for the which they had been assembled. \par } ){\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 Now Philopater, on learning from those who came back that Antiochus had made himself master of the places which belonged to himself, sent orders to all his footmen and horsemen, took with him his sister Arsinoe, and marched out as far as the parts of Raphia, where Antiochus and his forces encamped. \par 2 And one Theodotus, intending to carry out his design, took with him the bravest of the armed men who had been before committed to his trust by Ptolemy, and got through at night to the tent of Ptolemy, to kill him on his own responsibility, and so to end the war. \par 3 But Dositheus, called the son of Drimulus, by birth a Jew, afterward a renegade from the laws and observances of his country, conveyed Ptolemy away, and made an obscure person lie down in his stead in the tent. It befell this man to receive the fate which was meant for the other. \par 4 A fierce battle then took place; and the men of Antiochus prevailing, Arsinoe continually went up and down the ranks, and with dishevelled hair, with tears and entreaties, begged the soldiers to fight manfully for themselves, their children, and wives; and promised that if they proved conquerors, she would give them two minae of gold apiece. \par 5 It thus fell out that their enemies were defeated in hand-to-hand encounter, and that many of them were taken prisoners. \par 6 Having vanquished this attempt, the king then decided to proceed to the neighbouring cities, and encourage them. \par 7 By doing this, and by making donations to their temples, he inspired his subjects with confidence. \par 8 The Jews sent some of their council and of their elders to him. The greetings, guest- gifts, and congratulations of the past, bestowed by them, filled him with the greater eagerness to visit their city. \par 9 Having arrived at Jerusalem, sacrificed, and offered thank-offerings to the Greatest God, and done whatever else was suitable to the sanctity of the place, and entered the inner court, \par 10 he was so struck with the magnificence of the place, and so wondered at the orderly arrangements of the temple, that he considered entering the sanctuary itself. \par 11 And when they told him that this was not permissible, none of the nation, no, nor even the priests in general, but only the supreme high priest of all, and he only once in a year, being allowed to go in, he would by no means give way. \par 12 Then they read the law to him; but he persisted in obtruding himself, exclaiming, that he ought to be allowed: and saying Be it that they were deprived of this honour, I ought not to be. \par 13 And he put the question, Why, when he entered all the temples, none of the priests who were present forbad him? \par 14 He was thoroughly answered by some one, That he did wrong to boast of this. \par 15 Well; since I have done this, said he, be the cause what it may, shall I not enter with or without your consent? \par 16 And when the priests fell down in their sacred vestments imploring the Greatest God to come and help in time of need, and to avert the violence of the fierce aggressor, and when they filled the temple with lamentations and tears, \par 17 then those who had been left behind in the city were scared, and rushed forth, uncertain of the event. \par 18 Virgins, who had been shut up within their chambers, came out with their mothers, scattering dust and ashes on their heads, and filling the streets with outcries. \par 19 Women, but recently separated off, left their bridal chambers, left the reserve that befitted them, and ran about the city in a disorderly manner.\~ \par 20 New-born babes were deserted by the mothers or nurses who waited upon them; some here, some there, in houses, or in fields; these now, with an ardour which could not be checked, swarmed into the Most High temple. \par 21 Various were the prayers offered up by those who assembled in this place, on account of the unholy attempt of the king. \par 22 Along with these there were some of the citizens who took courage, and would not submit to his obstinacy, and his intention of carrying out his purpose. \par 23 Calling out to arms, and to die bravely in defence of the law of their fathers, they created a great uproar in the place, and were with difficulty brought back by the aged and the elders to the station of prayer which they had occupied before. \par 24 During this time the multitude kept on praying. \par 25 The elders who surrounded the king strove in many ways to divert his haughty mind from the design which he had formed. \par 26 He, in his hardened mood, insensible to all persuasion, was going onwards with the view of carrying out this design. \par 27 Yet even his own officers, when they saw this, joined the Jews in an appeal to Him who has all power, to aid in the present crisis, and not wink at such overweening lawlessness. \par 28 Such was the frequency and the vehemence of the cry of the assembled crowd, that an indescribable noise ensued. \par 29 Not the men only, but the very walls and floor seemed to sound forth; all things preferring dissolution rather than to see the place defiled. \par } ,{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 Now was it that the high priest Simon bowed his knees over against the holy place, and spread out his hands in reverent form, and uttered the following supplication: \par 2 O Lord, Lord, King of the heavens, and Ruler of the whole creation, Holy among the holy, sole Governor, Almighty, give ear to us who are oppressed by a wicked and profane one, who exulteth in his confidence and strength. \par 3 It is thou, the Creator of all, the Lord of the universe, who art a righteous Governor, and judgest all who act with pride and insolence. \par 4 It was thou who didst destroy the former workers of unrighteousness, among whom were the giants, who trusted in their strength and hardihood, by covering them with a measureless flood. \par 5 It was thou who didst make the Sodomites, those workers of exceeding iniquity, men notorious for their vices, an example to after generations, when thou didst cover them with fire and brimstone. \par 6 Thou didst make known thy power when thou causedst the bold Pharaoh, the enslaver of thy people, to pass through the ordeal of many and diverse inflictions. \par 7 And thou rolledst the depths of the sea over him, when he made pursuit with chariots, and with a multitude of followers, and gavest a safe passage to those who put their trust in thee, the Lord of the whole creation. \par 8 These saw and felt the works of thine hands, and praised thee the Almighty. \par 9 Thou, O King, when thou createdst the illimitable and measureless earth, didst choose out this city: thou didst make this place sacred to thy name, albeit thou needest nothing: thou didst glorify it with thine illustrious presence, after constructing it to the glory of thy great and honourable name. \par 10 And thou didst promise, out of love to the people of Israel, that should we fall away from thee, and become afflicted, and then come to this house and pray, thou wouldest hear our prayer. \par 11 Verily thou art faithful and true. \par 12 And when thou didst often aid our fathers when hard pressed, and in low estate, and deliveredst them out of gret dangers, \par 13 see now, holy King, how through our many and great sins we are borne down, and made subject to our enemies, and are become weak and powerless. \par 14 We being in this low condition, this bold and profane man seeks to dishonour this thine holy place, consecrated out of the earth to the name of thy Majesty. \par 15 Thy dwelling place, the heaven of heavens, is indeed unapproachable to men. \par 16 But since it seemed good to thee to exhibit thy glory among thy people Israel, thou didst sanctify this place. \par 16 Punish us not by means of the uncleanness of their men, nor chastise us by means of their profanity; lest the lawless ones should boast in their rage, and exult in exuberant pride of speech, and say, \par 18 We have trampled upon the holy house, as idolatrous houses are trampled upon. \par 19 Blot out our iniquities, and do away with our errors, and shew forth thy compassion in this hour. \par 20 Let thy mercies quickly go before us. Grant us peace, that the cast down and broken hearted may praise thee with their mouth. \par 21 At that time God, who seeth all things, who is beyond all Holy among the holy, heard that prayer, so suitable; and scourged the man greatly uplifted with scorn and insolence. \par 22 Shaking him to and fro as a reed is shaken with the wind, he cast him upon the pavement, powerless, with limbs paralyzed; by a righteous judgement deprived of the faculty of speech. \par 23 His friends and bodyguards, beholding the swift recompense which had suddenly overtaken him, struck with exceeding terror, and fearing that he would die, speedily removed him. \par 24 When in course of time he had come to himself, this severe check caused no repentance within him, but he departed with bitter threatenings. \par 25 He proceeded to Egypt, grew worse in wickedness through his beforementioned companions in wine, who were lost to all goodness; \par 26 and not satisfied with countless acts of impiety, his audacity so increased that he raised evil reports there, and many of his friends, watching his purpose attentively, joined in furthering his will. \par 27 His purpose was to indict a public stigma upon our race; wherefore he erected a pillar at the tower-porch, and caused the following inscription to be engraved upon it: \par 28 That entrance to their own temple was to be refused to all those who would not sacrifice; that all the Jews were to be registered among the common people; that those who resisted were to be forcibly seized and put to death; \par 29 that those who were thus registered, were to be marked on their persons by the ivy-leaf symbol of Dionysus, and to be set apart with these limited rights. \par 30 To do away with the appearance of hating them all, he had it written underneath, that if any of them should elect to enter the community of those initiated in the rites, these should have equal rights with the Alexandrians. \par 31 Some of those who were over the city, therefore, abhorring any approach to the city of piety, unhesitatingly gave in to the king, and expected to derive some great honour from a future connection with him. \par 32 A nobler spirit, however, prompted the majority to cling to their religious observances, and by paying money that they might live unmolested, these sought to escape the registration:\par 33 cheerfully looking forward to future aid, they abhorred their own apostates, considering them to be national foes, and debarring them from the common usages of social intercourse.\par } .{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 On discovering this, so incensed was the wicked king, that he no longer confined his rage to the Jews in Alexandria. Laying his hand more heavily upon those who lived in the country, he gave orders that they should be quickly collected into one place, and most cruelly deprived of their lives. \par 2 While this was going on, an invidious rumour was uttered abroad by men who had banded together to injure the Jewish race. The purport of their charge was, that the Jews kept them away from the ordinances of the law. \par 3 Now, while the Jews always maintained a feeling of un-swerving loyalty towards the kings, yet, as they worshipped God, and observed his law, they made certain distinctions, and avoided certain things. Hence some persons held them in odium; although, as they adorned their conversation with works of righteousness, they had established themselves in the good opinion of the world. \par 6 What all the rest of mankind said, was, however, made of no account by the foreigners; \par 7 who said much of the exclusiveness of the Jews with regard to their worship and meats; they alleged that they were men unsociable, hostile to the king's interests, refusing to associate with him or his troops. By this way of speaking, they brought much odium upon them. \par 8 Nor was this unexpected uproar and sudden conflux of people unobserved by the Greeks who lived in the city, concerning men who had never harmed them: yet to aid them was not in their power, since all was oppression around; but they encouraged them in their troubles, and expected a favourable turn of affairs: \par 9 He who knoweth all things, will not, \i said they\i0 , disregard so great a people. \par 10 Some of the neighbors, friends, and fellow dealers of the Jews, even called them secretly to an interview, pledged them their assistance, and promised to do their very utmost for them. \par 11 Now the king, elated with his prosperous fortune, and not regarding the superior power of God, but thinking to persevere in his present purpose, wrote the following letter to the prejudice of the Jews. \par 12 King Ptolemy Philopater, to the commanders and soldiers in Egypt, and in all places, health and happiness! \par 13 I am right well; and so, too, are my affairs. \par 14 Since our Asiatic campaign, the particulars of which ye know, and which by the aid of the gods, not lightly given, and by our own vigour, has been brought to a successful issue according to our expectation, \par 15 we resolved, not with strength of spear, but with gentleness and much humanity, as it were to nurse the inhabitants of Coele-Syria and Phoenicia, and to be their willing benefactors. \par 16 So, having bestowed considerable sums of money upon the temples of the several cities, we proceeded even as far as Jerusalem; and went up to honour\~ the temple of these wretched beings who never cease from their folly. \par 17 To outward appearance they received us willingly; but belied that appearance by their deeds. When we were eager to enter their temple, and to honour it with the most beautiful and exquisite gifts, \par 18 they were so carried away by their old arrogance, as to forbid us the entrance; while we, out of our forbearance toward all men, refrained from exercising our power upon them. \par 19 And thus, exhibiting their enmity against us, they alone among the nations lift up their heads against kings and benefactors, as men unwilling to submit to any thing reasonable. \par 20 We then, having endeavoured to make allowance for the madness of these persons, and on our victorious return treating all people in Egypt courteously, acted in a manner which was befitting. \par 21 Accordingly, bearing no ill-will against their kinsmen \i at Jerusalem\i0 , but rather remembering our connection with them, and the numerous matters with sincere heart from a remote period entrusted to them, we wished to venture a total alteration of their state, by bestowing upon them the rights of citizens of Alexandria, and to admit them to the everlasting rites of our solemnities. \par 22 All this, however, they have taken in a very different spirit. With their innate malignity, they have spurned the fair offer; and constantly inclining to evil, \par 23 have rejected the inestimable rights. Not only so, but by using speech, and by refraining from speech, they abhor the few among them who are heartily disposed towards us; ever deeming that their ignoble course of procedure will force us to do away with our reform. \par 24 Having then, received certain proofs that these \i Jews\i0 bear us every sort of ill-will, we must look forward to the possibility of some sudden tumult among ourselves, when these impious men may turn traitors and barbarous enemies. \par 25 As soon, therefore, as the contents of this letter become known to you, in that same hour we order those \i Jews\i0 who dwell among you, with wives and children, to be sent to us, vilified and abused, in chains of iron, to undergo a death, cruel and ignominious, suitable to men disaffected. \par 26 For by the punishment of them in one body we perceive that we have found the only means of establishing our affairs for the future on a firm and satisfactory basis. \par 27 Whosoever shall shield a Jew, whether it be old man, child, or suckling, shall with his whole house be tortured to death. \par 28 Whoever shall inform against the \i Jews\i0 , besides receiving the property of the person charged, shall be presented with two thousand drachmae from the royal treasury, shall be made free, and shall be crowned. \par 29 Whatever place shall shelter a Jew, shall, when he is hunted forth, be put under the ban of fire, and be for ever rendered useless to every living being for all time to come.\par 30 Such was the purport of the king's letter.\par } #{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 Wherever this decree was received, the people kept up a revelry of joy and shouting; as if their long-pent-up, hardened hatred, were now to shew itself openly. \par 2 The Jews suffered great throes of sorrow, and wept much; while their hearts, all things around being lamentable, were set on fire as they bewailed the sudden destruction which was decreed against them. \par 3 What home, or city, or place at all inhabited, or what streets were there, which their condition did not fill with wailing and lamentation? \par 4 They were sent out unanimously by the generals in the several cities, with such stern and pitiless feeling, that the exceptional nature of the infliction moved even some of their enemies. These, influenced by sentiments of common humanity, and reflecting upon the uncertain issue of life, shed tears at this their miserable expulsion. \par 5 A multitude of aged hoary-haired old men, were driven along with halting bending feet, urged onward by the impulse of a violent, shameless force to quick speed. \par 6 Girls who had entered the bridal chamber quite lately, to enjoy the partnership of marriage, exchanged pleasure for misery; and with dust scattered upon their myrrh-anointed heads, were hurried along unveiled; and, in the midst of outlandish insults, set up with one accord a lamentable cry in lieu of the marriage hymn. \par 7 Bound, and exposed to public gaze, they were hurried violently on board ship. \par 8 The husbands of these, in the prime of their youthful vigour, instead of crowns wore halters round their necks; instead of feasting and youthful jollity, spent the rest of their nuptial days in wailings, and saw only the grave at hand. \par 9 They were dragged along by unyielding chains, like wild beasts: of these, some had their necks thrust into the benches of the rowers; while the feet of others were enclosed in hard fetters. \par 10 The planks of the deck above them barred out the light, and shut out the day on every side, so that they might be treated like traitors during the whole voyage. \par 11 They were conveyed accordingly in this vessel, and at the end of it arrived at Schedia. The king had ordered them to be cast into the vast hippodrome, which was built in front of the city. This place was well adapted by its situation to expose them to the gaze of all comers into the city, and of those who went from the city into the country. Thus they could hold no communication with his forces; nay, were deemed unworthy of any civilized accommodation. \par 12 When this was done, the king, hearing that their brethren in the city often went out and lamented the melancholy distress of these victims, \par 13 was full of rage, and commanded that they should be carefully subjected to the same (and not one whit milder) treatment. \par 14 The whole nation was now to be registered. Every individual was to be specified by name; not for that hard servitude of labour which we have a little before mentioned, but that he might expose them to the before-mentioned tortures; and finally, in the short space of a day, might extirpate them by his cruelties \par 15 The registering of these men was carried on cruelly, zealously, assiduously, from the rising of the sun to its going down, and was not brought to an end in forty days. \par 16 The king was filled with great and constant joy, and celebrated banquets before the temple idols. His erring heart, far from the truth, and his profane mouth, gave glory to idols, deaf and incapable of speaking or aiding, and uttered unworthy speech against the Greatest God. \par 17 At the end of the above-mentioned interval of time, the registrars brought word to the king that the multitude of the Jews was too great for registration, \par 18 inasmuch as there were many still left in the land, of whom some were in inhabited houses, and others were scattered about in various places; so that all the commanders in Egypt were insufficient for the work. \par 19 The king threatened them, and charged them with taking bribes, in order to contrive the escape of the Jews: but was clearly convinced of the truth of what had been said. \par 20 They said, and proved, that paper and pens had failed them for the carrying out of their purpose. \par 21 Now this was an active interference of the unconquerable Providence which assisted the Jews from heaven.\par } B{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 Then he called Hermon, who had charge of the elephants. Full of rage, altogether fixed in his furious design, \par 2 he commanded him, with a quantity of unmixed wine and handfuls of incense \i infused\i0 to drug the elephants early on the following day. These five hundred elephants were, when infuriated by the copious draughts of frankincense, to be led up to the execution of death upon the Jews. \par 3 The king, after issuing these orders, went to his feasting, and gathered together all those of his friends and of the army who hated the Jews the most. \par 4 The master of the elephants, Hermon, fulfilled his commission punctually. \par 5 The underlings appointed for the purpose went out about eventide and bound the hands of the miserable victims, and took other precautions for their security at night, thinking that the whole race would perish together. \par 6 The heathen believed the Jews to be destitute of all protection; for chains fettered them about. \par 7 they invoked the Almighty Lord, and ceaselessly besought with tears their merciful God and Father, Ruler of all, Lord of every power, \par 8 to overthrow the evil purpose which was gone out against them, and to deliver them by extraordinary manifestation from that death which was in store for them. \par 9 Their litany so earnest went up to heaven. \par 10 Then Hermon, who had filled his merciless elephants with copious draughts of mingled wine and frankincense, came early to the palace to certify the kind thereof. \par 11 He, however, who has sent his good creature sleep from all time by night or by day thus gratifying whom he wills, diffused a portion thereof now upon the king. \par 12 By this sweet and profound influence of the Lord he was held fast, and thus his unjust purpose was quite frustrated, and his unflinching resolve greatly falsified. \par 13 But the Jews, having escaped the hour which had been fixed, praised their holy God, and again prayed him who is easily reconciled to display the power of his powerful hand to the overweening Gentiles. \par 14 The middle of the tenth hour had well nigh arrived, when the master-\~ bidder, seeing the guests who were bidden collected, came and shook the king. \par 15 He gained his attention with difficulty, and hinting that the mealtime was getting past, talked the matter over with him. \par 16 The kind listened to this, and then turning aside to his potations, commanded the guests to sit down before him. \par 17 This done, he asked them to enjoy themselves, and to indulge in mirth at this somewhat late hour of the banquet. \par 18 Conversation grew on, and the king sent for Hermon, and enquired of him, with fierce denunciations, why the Jews had been allowed to outlive that day. \par 19 Hermon explained that he had done his bidding over night; and in this he was confirmed by his friends. \par 20 The king, then, with a barbarity exceeding that of Phalaris, said, That they might thank his sleep of that day. Lose no time, and get ready the elephants against tomorrow, as you did before, for the destruction of these accursed Jews. \par 21 When the king said this, the company present were glad, and approved; and then each man went to his own home. \par 22 Nor did they employ the night in sleep, so much as in contriving cruel mockeries for those deemed miserable. \par 23 The morning cock had just crowed, and Hermon, having harnessed the brutes, was stimulating them in the great colonnade. \par 24 The city crowds were collected together to see the hideous spectacle, and waited impatiently for the dawn. \par 25 The Jews, breathless with momentary suspense, stretched forth their hands, and prayed the Greatest God, in mournful strains, again to help them speedily. \par 26 The sun's rays were not yet shed abroad, and the king was waiting for his friends, when Hermon came to him, calling him out, and saying, That his desires could now be realized. \par 27 The king, receiving him, was astonished at his unwonted exit; and, overwhelmed with a spirit of oblivion about everything, enquired the object of this earnest preparation. \par 28 But this was the wroking of that Almighty God who had made him forget all his purpose. \par 29 Hermon, and all his friends, pointed out the preparation of the animals. they are ready, O king, according to your own strict injunction. \par 30 The king was filled with fierce anger at these words; for, by the Providence of God regarding these things, his mind had become entirely confused. He looked hard at Hermon, and threatened him as follows: \par 31 Your parents, or your children, were they here, to these wild beasts a large repast they should have furnished; not these innocent Jews, who me and my forefathers loyally have served. \par 32 Had it not been for familar friendship, and the claims of your office, your life should have gone for theirs. \par 33 Hermon, being threatened in this unexpected and alarming manner, was troubled in visage, and depressed in countenance. \par 34 The friends, too, stole out one by one, and dismissed the assembled multitudes to their respective occupations. \par 35 The Jews, having heard of these events, praised the glorious God and King of kings, because they had obtained this help, too, from him. \par 36 Now the king arranged another banquet after the same manner, and proclaimed an invitation to mirth. \par 27 And he summoned Hermon to his presence, and said, with threats, How often, O wretch, must I repeat my orders to thee about these same persons? \par 28 Once more, arm the elephants against the morrow for the extermination of the Jews. \par 39 His kinsmen, who were reclining with him, wondered at his instability, and thus expressed themselves: \par 40 O king, how long dost thou make trial of us, as of men bereft of reason? This is the third time that thou hast ordered their destruction. When the thing is to be done, thou changest thy mind, and recallest thy instructions. \par 41 For this cause the feeling of expectation causes tumult in the city: it swarms with factions; and is continually on the point of being plundered. \par 42 The king, just like another Phalaris, a prey to thoughtlessness, made no account of the changes which his own mind had undergone, issuing in the deliverance of the Jews. He swore a fruitless oath, and determined forthwith to send them to hades, crushed by the knees and feet of the elephants. \par 43 He would also invade Judea, and level its towns with fire and the sword; and destroy that temple which the heathen might not enter, and prevent sacrifices ever after being offered up there. \par 44 Joyfully his friends broke up, together with his kinsmen; and, trusting in his determination, arranged their forces in guard at the most convenient places of the city. \par 45 And the master of the elephants urged the beasts into an almost maniacal state, drenched them with incense and wine, and decked them with frightful instruments. \par 46 About early morning, when the city was now filled with an immense number of people at the hippodrome, he entered the palace, and called the king to the business in hand. \par 47 The king's heart teemed with impious rage; and he rushed forth with the mass, along with the elephants. With feelings unsoftened, and eyes pitiless, he longed to gaze at the hard and wretched doom of the abovementioned \i Jews\i0 . \par 48 But the \i Jews\i0 , when the elephants went out at the gate, followed by the armed force; and when they saw the dust raised by the throng, and heard the loud cries of the crowd, \par 49 thought that they had come to the last moment of their lives, to the end of what they had tremblingly expected. They gave way, therefore, to lamentations and moans: they kissed each other: those nearest of kin to each other hung about one another's necks: fathers about their sons, mother their daughters: other women held their infants to their breasts, which drew what seemed their last milk. \par 50 Nevertheless, when they reflected upon the succour before granted them from heaven, they prostrated themselves with one accord; removed even the sucking children from the breasts, and \par 51 sent up an exceeding great cry entreating the Lord of all power to reveal himself, and have mercy upon those who now lay at the gates of hades.\par } 8{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 And Eleazar, an illustrious priest of the country, who had attained to length of day, and whose life had been adorned with virtue, caused the presbyters who were about him to cease to cry out to the holy God, and prayed thus: \par 2 O king, mighty in power, most high, Almighty God, who regulates the whole creation with thy tender mercy, \par 3 look upon the seed of Abraham, upon the children of the sanctified Jacob, thy sanctified inheritance, O Father, now being wrongfully destroyed as strangers in a strange land. \par 4 Thou destroyedst Pharaoh, with his hosts of chariots, when that lord of this same Egypt was uplifted with lawless hardihood and loud-sounding tongue. Shedding the beams of thy mercy upon the race of Israel, thou didst overwhelm him with his proud army. \par 5 When Sennacherim, the grievous king of the Assyrians, glorying in his countless hosts, had subdued the whole land with his spear, and was lifting himself against thine holy city, with boastings grievous to be endured, thou, O Lord, didst demolish him and didst shew forth thy might to many nations. \par 6 When the three friends in the land of Babylon of their own will exposed their lives to the fire rather than serve vain things, thou didst send a dewy coolness through the fiery furnace, and bring the fire upon all their adversaries. \par 7 It was thou who, when Daniel was hurled, through slander and envy, as a prey to lions down below, didst bring him back against unhurt to light. \par 8 When Jonah was pining away in the belly of the sea-bred monster, thou didst look upon him, O Father, and recover him to the sight of his own. \par 9 And now, thou who hatest insolence; thou who dost abound in mercy; thou who art the protector of all things; appear quickly to those of the race of Israel, who are insulted by abhorred, lawless gentiles. \par 10 If our life has during our exile been stained with iniquity, deliver us from the hand of the enemy, and destroy us, O Lord, by the death which thou preferrest. \par 11 Let not the vain-minded congratulate vain idols at the destruction of thy beloved, saying, Neither did their god deliver them. \par 12 Thou, who art All-powerful and Almighty, O Eternal One, behold! have mercy upon us who are being withdrawn from life, like traitors, by the unreasoning insolence of lawless men. \par 13 Let the heathen cower before thine invincible might today, O glorious One, who hast all power to save the race of Jacob. \par 14 The whole band of infants and their parents with tears beseech thee. \par 15 Let it be shewn to all the nations that thou art with us, O Lord, and hast not turned thy face away from us; but as thou saidst that thou wouldst not forget them even in the land of their enemies, so do thou fulfil this saying, O Lord. \par 16 Now, at the time that Eleazar had ended his prayer, the king came along to the hippodrome, with the wild beasts, and with his tumultuous power. \par 17 When the Jews saw this, they uttered a loud cry to heaven, so that the adjacent valleys resounded, and caused an irrepressible lamentation throughout the army. \par 18 Then the all-glorious, all-powerful, and true God, displayed his holy countenance, and opened the gates of heaven, from which two angels, dreadful of form, came down and were visible to all but the Jews. \par 19 And they stood opposite, and filled the enemies' host with confusion and cowardice; and bound them with immoveable fetters. \par 20 And a cold shudder came over the person of the king, and oblivion paralysed the vehemence of his spirit. \par 21 They turned back the animals upon the armed forces which followed them; and the animals trod them down, and destroyed them. \par 22 The king's wrath was converted into compassion; and he wept at his own machinations. \par 23 For when he heard the cry, and saw them all on the verge of destruction, with tears he angrily threatened his friends, saying, \par 24 Ye have governed badly; and have exceeded tyrants in cruelty; and me your benefactor ye have laboured to deprive at once of my dominion and my life, by secretly devising measures injurious to the kingdom. \par 25 Who has gathered here, unreasonably removing each from his home, those who, in fidelity to us, had held the fortresses of the country? \par 26 Who has thus consigned to unmerited punishments those who in good will towards us from the beginning have in all things surpassed all nations, and who often have engaged in the most dangerous undertakings? \par 27 Loose, loose the unjust bonds; send them to their homes in peace, and deprecate what has been done. \par 28 Release the sons of the almighty living God of heaven, who from our ancestors' times until now has granted a glorious and uninterrupted prosperity to our affairs. \par 29 These things he said; and they, released the same moment, having now escaped death, praised God their holy Saviour. \par 30 The king then departed to the city, and called his financier to him, and bade him provide a seven days' quantity of wine and other materials for feasting for the Jews. He decided that they should keep a gladsome festival of deliverance in the very place in which they expected to meet with their destruction. \par 31 Then they who were before despised and nigh unto hades, yea, rather advanced into it, partook of the cup of salvation, instead of a grievous and lamentable death. Full of exultation, they parted out the place intended for their fall and burial into banqueting booths. \par 32 Ceasing their miserable strain of woe, they took up the subject of their fatherland, hymning in praise God their wonder-working Saviour. All groans, all wailing, were laid aside: they formed dances in token of serene joy. \par 33 So, also, the king collected a number of guests for the occasion, and returned unceasing thanks with much magnificence for the unexpected deliverance afforded him. \par 34 Those who had marked them out as for death and for carrion, and had registered them with joy, howled aloud, and were clothed with shame, and had the fire of their rage ingloriously put out. \par 35 But the Jews, as we just said, instituted a dance, and then gave themselves up to feasting, glad thanksgivings, and psalms. \par 36 They made a public ordinance to commemorate these things for generations to come, as long as they should be sojourners. They thus established these days as days of mirth, not for the purpose of drinking or luxury, but because God had saved them. \par 37 They requested the king to send them back to their homes. \par 38 They were being enrolled from the twenty-fifth of Pachon to the fourth of Epiphi, a period of forty days: the measures taken for their destruction lasted from the fifth of Epiphi till the seventh, that is, three days. \par 39 The Ruler over all did during this time manifest forth his mercy gloriously, and did deliver them all together unharmed. \par 40 They feasted upon the king's provision up to the fourteenth day, and then asked to be sent away. \par 41 The king commended them, and wrote the subjoined letter, of magnanimous import for them, to the commanders of every city. \par } !{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 King Ptolemy Philopator to the commanders throughout Egypt, and to all who are set over affairs, joy and strength. \par 2 We, too, and our children are well; and God has directed our affairs as we wish. \par 3 Certain of our friends did of malice vehemently urge us to punish the Jews of our realm in a body, with the infliction of a monstrous punishment. \par 4 They pretended that our affairs would never be in a good state till this took place. Such, they said, was the hatred borne by the Jews to all other people. \par 5 They brought them fettered in grievous chains as slaves, nay, as traitors. Without enquiry or examination they endeavoured to annihilate them. They buckled themselves with a savage cruelty, worse than Scythian custom. \par 6 For this cause we severely threatened them; yet, with the clemency which we are wont to extend to all men, we at length permitted them to live. Finding that the God of heaven cast a shield of protection over the Jews so as to preserve them, and that he fought for them as a father always fights for his sons; \par 7 and taking into consideration their constancy and fidelity towards us and towards our ancestors, we have, as we ought, acquitted them of every sort of charge. \par 8 And we have dismissed them to their several homes; bidding all men everywhere to do them no wrong, or unrighteously revile them about the past. \par 9 For know ye, that should we conceive any evil design, or in any way aggrieve them, we shall ever have as our opposite, not man, but the highest God, the ruler of all might. From Him there will be no escape, as the avenger of such deeds. Fare ye well. \par 10 When they had received this letter, they were not forward to depart immediately. They petitioned the king to be allowed to inflict fitting punishment upon those of their race who had willingly transgressed the holy god, and the law of God. \par 11 They alleged that men who had for their bellies' sake transgressed the ordinances of God, would never be faithful to the interests of the king. \par 12 The king admitted the truth of this reasoning, and commended them. Full power was given them, without warrant or special commission, to destroy those who had transgressed the law of God boldly in every part of the king's dominions. \par 13 Their priests, then, as it was meet, saluted him with good wishes, and all the people echoed with the Hallelujah. They then joyfully departed. \par 14 Then they punished and destryed with ignominy every polluted Jew that fell in their way; \par 15 slaying thus, in that day, above three hundred men, and esteeming this destruction of the wicked a season of joy. \par 16 They themselves having held fast their God unto death, and having enjoyed a full deliverance, departed from the city garlanded with sweet-flowered wreaths of every kind. Uttering exclamations of joy, with songs of praise, and melodious hymns they thanked the God of their fathers, the eternal Saviour of Israel. \par 17 Having arrived at Ptolemais, called from the specialty of that district Rose-bearing, where the fleet, in accordance with the general wish, waited for them seven days, \par 18 they partook of a banquet of deliverance, for the king generously granted them severally the means of securing a return home. \par 19 They were accordingly brought back in peace, while they gave utterance to becoming thanks; and they determined to keep these days during their sojourn as days of joyfulness. \par 20 These they registered as sacred upon a pillar, when they had dedicated the place of their festivity to be one of prayer. They departed unharmed, free, abundant in joy, preserved by the king's command, by land, by sea, and by river, each to his own home. \par 21 They had more weight than before among their enemies; and were honoured and feared, and no one in any way robbed them of their goods. \par 22 Every man received back his own, according to inventory; those who had obtained their goods, giving them up with the greatest terror. For the greatest God wrought with perfectness wonders for their salvation. \par 23 Blessed be the Redeemer of Israel unto everlasting. Amen.\par } ({\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 As I am going to demonstrate a most philosophical proposition, namely, that religious reasoning is absolute master of the passions, I would willingly advise you to give the utmost heed to philosophy. \par 2 For reason is necessary to every one as a step to science: and more especially does it embrace the praise of prudence, the highest virtue. \par 3 If, then, reasoning appears to hold the mastery over the passions which stand in the way of temperance, such as gluttony and lust, \par 4 it surely also and manifestly has the rule over the affections which are contrary to justice, such as malice; and of those which are hindrances to manliness, as wrath, and pain, and fear. \par 5 How, then, is it, perhaps some may say, that reasoning, if it rule the affections, is not also master of forgetfulness and ignorance? They attempt a ridiculous argument. \par 6 For reasoning does not rule over its own affections, but over such as are contrary to justice, and manliness and temperance, and prudence; and yet over these, so as to withstand, without destroying them. \par 7 I might prove to you, from may other considerations, that religious reasoning is sole master of the passions; \par 8 but I shall prove it with the greatest force from the fortitude of Eleazar, and seven brethren, and their mother, who suffered death in defence of virtue. \par 9 For all these, contemning pains even unto death, by this contempt, demonstrated that reasoning has command over the passions. \par 10 For their virtues, then, it is right that I should commend those men who died with their mother at this time in behalf of rectitude; and for their honours, I may count them happy. \par 11 For they, winning admiration not only from men in general, but even from the persecutors, for their manliness and endurance, became the means of the destruction of the tyranny against their nation, having conquered the tyrant by their endurance, so that by them their country was purified. \par 12 But we may now at once enter upon the question, having commenced, as is our wont, with laying down the doctrine, and so proceed to the account of these persons, giving glory to the all wise God. \par 13 The question, therefore, is, whether reasoning be absolute master of the passions. \par 14 Let us determine, then, What is reasoning? and what passion? and how many forms of the passions? and whether reasoning bears sway over all of these? \par 15 Reasoning is, then, intellect accompanied by a life of rectitude, putting foremost the consideration of wisdom. \par 16 And wisdom is a knowledge of divine and human things, and of their causes. \par 17 And this is contained in the education of the law; by means of which we learn divine things reverently, and human things profitably. \par 18 And the forms of wisdom are prudence, and justice, and manliness, and temperance.19 The leading one of these is prudence; by whose means, indeed, it is that reasoning bears rule over the passions. \par 20 Of the passions, pleasure and pain are the two most comprehensive; and they also by nature refer to the soul. \par 21 And there are many attendant affections surrounding pleasure and pain. \par 22 Before pleasure is lust; and after pleasure, joy. \par 23 And before pain is fear; and after pain is sorrow. \par 24 Wrath is an affection, common to pleasure and to pain, if any one will pay attention when it comes upon him. \par 25 And there exists in pleasure a malicious disposition, which is the most multiform of all the affections. \par 26 In the soul it is arrogance, and love of money, and vaingloriousness, and contention, and faithlessness, and the evil eye. \par 27 In the body it is greediness and gormandizing, and solitary gluttony. \par 28 As pleasure and pain are, therefore, two growth of the body and the soul, so there are many offshoots of these passions. \par 29 And reasoning, the universal husbandman, purging, and pruning these severally, and binding round, and watering, and transplanting, in every way improves the materials of the morals and affections. \par 30 For reasoning is the leader of the virtues, but it is the sole ruler of the passions. Observe then first, through the very things which stand in the way of temperance, that reasoning is absolute ruler of the passions. \par 31 Now temperance consists of a command over the lusts. \par 32 But of the lusts, some belong to the soul, others to the body: and over each of these classes the reasoning appears to bear sway. \par 33 For whence is it, otherwise, that when urged on to forbidden meats, we reject the gratification which would ensue from them? Is it not because reasoning is able to command the appetites? I believe so. \par 34 Hence it is, then, that when lusting after water-animals and birds, and fourfooted beasts, and all kinds of food which are forbidden us by the law, we withhold ourselves through the mastery of reasoning. \par 35 For the affections of our appetites are resisted by the temperate understanding, and bent back again, and all the impulses of the body are reined in by reasoning. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 Now this one, having endured this praiseworthy death, the third was brought along, and exhorted by many to taste and save his life. \par 2 But he cried out and said, Know ye not, that the father of those who are dead, begat me also; and that the same mother bare me; and that I was brought up in the same tenets? \par 3 I abjure not the noble relationship of my brethren. \par 4 Now then, whatever instrument of vengeance ye have, apply it to my body, for ye are not able to touch, even if ye wish it, my soul. \par 5 But they, highly incensed at his boldness of speech, dislocated his hands and feet with racking engines, and wrenching them from their sockets, dismembered him. \par 6 And they dragged round his fingers, and his arms, and his legs, and his ankles. \par 7 And not being able by any means to strangle him, they tore off his skin, together with the extreme tips of his fingers, flayed him, and then haled him to the wheel; \par 8 around which his vertebral joints were loosened, and he saw his own flesh torn to shreds, and streams of blood flowing from his entrails. \par 9 And when about to die, he said, \par 10 We, O accursed tyrant, suffer this for the sake of Divine education and virtue. \par 11 But thou, for thine impiety and blood-shedding, shalt endure indissoluble torments. \par 12 And thus having died worthily of his brethren, they dragged forward the fourth, saying, \par 13 Do not thou share the madness of thy brethren: but give regard to the king, and save thyself. \par 14 But he said to them, You have not a fire so scorching as to make me play the coward. \par 15 By the blessed death of my brethren, and the eternal punishment of the tyrant, and the glorious life of the pious, I will not repudiate the noble brotherhood. \par 16 Invent, O tyrant, tortures; that you may learn, even through them, that I am the brother of those tormented before. \par 17 When he had said this, the blood-thirsty, and murderous, and unhallowed Antiochus ordered his tongue to be cut out. \par 18 But he said, Even if you take away the organ of speech, yet God hears the silent. \par 19 Behold, my tongue is extended, cut it off; for not for that halt thou extirpate our reasoning. \par 20 Gladly do we lose our limbs in behalf of God. \par 21 But God shall speedly find you, since you cut off the tongue, the instrument of divine melody. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 And when he had died, disfigured in his torments, the fifth leaped forward, and said, \par 2 I intend not, O tyrant, to get excused from the torment which is in behalf of virtue. \par 3 But I have come of mine own accord, that by the death of me, you may owe heavenly vengeance a punishment for more crimes. \par 4 O thou hater of virtue and of men, what have we done that thou thus revellest in our blood? \par 5 Does it seem evil to thee that we worship the Founder of all things, and live according to his surpassing law? \par 6 But this is worthy of honours, not torments; \par 7 hadst thou been capable of the higher feelings of men, and possessed the hope of salvation from God. \par 8 Behold now, being alien from God, thou makest war against those who are religious toward God. \par 9 As he said this, the spearbearers bound him, and drew him to the catapelt: \par 10 to which binding him at his knees, and fastening them with iron fetters, they bent down his loins upon the wedge of the wheel; and his body was then dismembered, scorpion-fashion. \par 11 With his breath thus confined, and his body strangled, he said, \par 12 A great favour thou bestowest upon us, O tyrant, by enabling us to manifest our adherence to the law by means of nobler sufferings. \par 13 He also being dead, the sixth, quite a youth, was brought out; and on the tyrant asking him whether he would eat and be delivered, he said, \par 14 I am indeed younger than my brothers, but in understanding I am am as old; \par 15 for having been born and reared unto the same end, we are bound to die also in behalf of the same cause. \par 16 So that if ye think proper to torment us for not eating the unclean;--torment! \par 17 As he said this, they brought him to the wheel. \par 18 Extended upon which, with limbs racked and dislocated, he was gradually roasted from beneath. \par 19 And having heated sharp spits, they approached them to his back; and having transfixed his sides, they burned away his entrails. \par 20 And he, while tormented, said, O period good and holy, in which, for the sake of religion, we brethren have been called to the contest of pain, and have not been conquered. \par 21 For religious understanding, O tyrant, is unconquered. \par 22 Armed with upright virtue, I also shall depart with my brethren. \par 23 I, too, bearing with me a great avenger, O deviser of tortures, and enemy of the truly pious. \par 24 We six youths have destroyed thy tyranny. \par 25 For is not your inability to overrule our reasoning, and to compel us to eat the unclean, thy destruction? \par 26 Your fire is cold to us, your catapelts are painless, and your violence harmless. \par 27 For the guards not of a tyrant but of a divine law are our defenders: through this we keep our reasoning unconquered. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 When he, too, had undergone blessed martyrdom, and died in the caldron into which he had been thrown, the seventh, the youngest of all, came forward: \par 2 whom the tyrant pitying, though he had been dreadfully reproached by his brethren, \par 3 seeing him already encompassed with chains, had him brought nearer, and endeavoured to counsel him, saying, \par 4 Thou seest the end of the madness of thy brethren: for they have died to torture through disobedience; and you, if disobedient, having been miserably tormented, will yourself perish prematurely. \par 5 But if you obey, you shall be my friend, and have a charge over the affairs of the kingdom. \par 6 And having thus exhorted him, he sent for the mother of the boy; that, by condoling with her for the loss of so many sons, he might incline her, through the hope of safety, to render the survivor obedient. \par 7 And he, after his mother had urged him on in the Hebrew tongue, (as we shall soon relate) saith, \par 8 Release me that I may speak to the king and all his friends. \par 9 And they, rejoicing exceedingly at the promise of the youth, quickly let him go. \par 10 And he, running up to the pans, said, \par 11 Impious tyrant, and most blasphemous man, wert thou not ashamed, having received prosperity and a kingdom from God, to slay His servants, and to rack the doers of godliness? \par 12 Wherefore the divine vengeance is reserving thee for eternal fire and torments, which shall cling to thee for all time. \par 13 Wert thou not ashamed, man as thou art, yet most savage, to cut out the tongues of men of like feeling and origin, and having thus abused to torture them? \par 14 But they, bravely dying, fulfilled their religion towards God. \par 15 But thou shalt groan according to thy deserts for having slain without cause the champions of virtue. \par 16 Wherefore, he continued, I myself, being about to die, \par 17 will not forsake my brethren. \par 18 And I call upon the God of my fathers to be merciful to my race. \par 19 But thee, both living and dead, he will punish. \par 20 Thus having prayed, he hurled himself into the pans; and so expired. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 If then, the seven brethren despised troubles even unto death, it is confessed on all sides that righteous reasoning is absolute master over the passions. \par 2 For just as if, had they as slaves to the passions, eaten of the unholy, we should have said that they had been conquered by the; \par 3 now it is not so: but by means of the reasoning which is praised by God, they mastered their passions. \par 4 And it is impossible to overlook the leadership of reflection: for it gained the victory over both passions and troubles. \par 5 How, then, can we avoid according to these men mastery of passion through right reasoning, since they drew not back from the pains of fire? \par 6 For just as by means of towers projecting in front of harbours men break the threatening waves, and thus assure a still course to vessels entering port, \par 7 so that seven-towered right-reasoning of the young men, securing the harbour of religion, conquered the intermperance of passions. \par 8 For having arranged a holy choir of piety, they encouraged one another, saying, \par 9 Brothers, may we die brotherly for the law. Let us imitate the three young men in Assyria who despised the equally afflicting furnace. \par 10 Let us not be cowards in the manifestation of piety. \par 11 And one said, Courage, brother; and another, Nobly endure. \par 12 And another, Remember of what stock ye are; and by the hand of our father Isaac endured to be slain for the sake of piety. \par 13 And one and all, looking on each other serene and confident, said, Let us sacrifice with all our heart our souls to God who gave them, and employ our bodies for the keeping of the law. \par 14 Let us not fear him who thinketh he killeth; \par 15 for great is the trial of soul and danger of eternal torment laid up for those who transgress the commandment of God. \par 16 Let us arm ourselves, therefore, in the abnegation of the divine reasoning. \par 17 If we suffer thus, Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob will receive us, and all the fathers will commend us. \par 18 And as each one of the brethren was haled away, the rest exclaimed, Disgrace us not, O brother, nor falsify those who died before you. \par 19 Now you are not ignorant of the charm of brotherhood, which the Divine and all wise Providence hath imparted through fathers to children, and hath engendered through the mother's womb. \par 20 In which these brothers having remained an equal time, and having been formed for the same period, and been increased by the same blood, and having been perfected through the same principle of life, \par 21 and having been brought forth at equal intervals, and having sucked milk from the same fountains, hence their brotherly souls are reared up lovingly together; \par 22 and increase the more powerfully by reason of this simultaneous rearing, and by daily intercourse, and by other education, and exercise in the law of God. \par 23 Brotherly love being thus sympathetically constituted, the seven brethren had a more sympathetic mutual harmony. \par 24 For being educated in the same law, and practising the same virtues, and reared up in a just course of life, they increased this harmony with each other. \par 25 For a like ardour for what is right and honourable increased their fellow-feeling towards each other. \par 26 For it acting along with religion, made their brotherly feeling more desirable to them. \par 27 And yet, although nature and intercourse and virtuous morals increased their brotherly love those who were left endured to behold their brethren, who were illused for their religion, tortured even unto death. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 And more that this, they even urged them on to this ill-treatment; so that they not only despised pains themselves, but they even got the better of their affections of brotherly love. \par 2 O reasonings more royal than a king, and freer than freemen! \par 3 Sacred and harmonius concert of the seven brethern as concerning piety! \par 4 None of the seven youths turned cowardly, or shrank back from death. \par 5 But all of them, as though running the road to immortality, hastened on to death through tortures. \par 6 For just as hands and feet are moved sympathetically with the directions of the soul, so those holy youths agreed unto death for religion's sake, as through the immortal soul of religion. \par 7 O holy seven of harmonious brethren! for as the seven days of creation, about religion, \par 8 so the youths, circling around the number seven, annulled the fear of torments. \par 9 We now shudder at the recital of the affliction of those young men; but they not only beheld, and not only heard the immediate execution of the threat, but undergoing it, persevered; and that through the pains of fire. \par 10 And what could be more painful? for the power of fire, being sharp and quick, speedily dissolved their bodies. \par 11 And think it not wonderful that reasoning bore rule over those men in their torments, when even a woman's mind despised more manifold pains. \par 12 For the mother of those seven youths endured the rackings of each of her children. \par 13 And consider how comprehensive is the love of offspring, which draws every one to sympathy of affection, \par 14 where irrational animals possess a similar sympathy and love for their offspring with men. \par 15 The tame birds frequenting the roofs of our houses, defend their fledglings. \par 16 Others build their nests, and hatch their young, in the tops of mountains and in the precipices of valleys, and the holes and tops of trees, and keep off the intruder. \par 17 And if not able to do this, they fly circling round them in agony of affection, calling out in their own note, and save their offspring in whatever manner they are able. \par 18 But why should we point attention to the sympathy toward children shewn by irrational animals? \par 19 The very bees, at the season of honey-making, attack all who approach; and pierce with their sting, as with a sword, those who draw near their hive, and repel them even unto death. \par 20 But sympathy with her children did not turn aside the mother of the young men, who had a spirit kindred with that of Abraham. \par } #{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 O reasoning of the sons, lord over the passions, and religion more desirable to a mother than progeny! \par 2 The mother, when two things were set before here, religion and the safety of her seven sons for a time, on the conditional promise of a tyrant, \par 3 rather elected the religion which according to God preserves to eternal life. \par 4 O in what way can I describe ethically the affections of parents toward their children, the resemblance of soul and of form engrafted into the small type of a child in a wonderful manner, especially through the greater sympathy of mothers with the feelings of those born of them! \par 5 for by how much mothers are by nature weak in disposition and prolific in offspring, by so much the fonder they are of children. \par 6 And of all mothers the mother of the seven was the fondest of children, who in seven childbirths had deeply engendered love toward them; \par 7 and through her many pains undergone in connection with each one, was compelled to feel sympathy with them; \par 8 yet, through fear of God, who neglected the temporary salvation of her children. \par 9 Not but that, on account of the excellent disposition to the law, her maternal affection toward them was increased. \par 10 For they were both just and temperate, and manly, and high-minded, and fond of their brethren, and so fond of their mother that even unto death they obeyed her by observing the law. \par 11 And yet, though there were so many circumstances connected with love of children to draw on a mother to sympathy, in the case of none of them were the various tortures able to pervert her principle. \par 12 But she inclined each one separately and all together to death for religion. \par 13 O holy nature and parental feeling, and reward of bringing up children, and unconquerable maternal affection! \par 14 At the racking and roasting of each one of them, the observant mother was prevented by religion from changing. \par 15 She beheld her children's flesh dissolving around the fire; and their extremities quivering on the ground, and the flesh of their heads dropped forwards down to their beards, like masks. \par 16 O thou mother, who wast tried at this time with bitterer pangs than those of parturition! \par 17 O thou only woman who hast brought forth perfect holiness! \par 18 Thy first-born, expiring, turned thee not; nor the second, looking miserable in his torments; nor the third, breathing out his soul. \par 19 Nor when thou didst behold the eyes of each of them looking sternly upon their tortures, and their nostrils foreboding death, didst thou weep! \par 20 When thou didst see children's flesh heaped upon children's flesh that had been torn off, heads decapitated upon heads, dead falling upon the dead, and a choir of children turned through torture into a burying ground, thou lamentedst not. \par 21 Not so do siren melodies, or songs of swans, attract the hearers to listening, O voices of children calling upon your mother in the midst of torments! \par 22 With what and what manner of torments was the mother herself tortured, as her sons were undergoing the wheel and the fires! \par 23 But religious reasoning, having strengthened her courage in the midst of sufferings, enabled her to forego, for the time, parental love. \par 24 Although beholding the destruction of seven children, the noble mother, after one embrace, stripped off \i her feelings\i0 through faith in God. \par 25 For just as in a council-room, beholding in her own soul vehement counsellors, nature and parentage and love of her children, and the racking of her children, \par 26 she holding two votes, one for the death, the other for the preservation of her children, \par 27 did not lean to that which would have saved her children for the safety of a brief space. \par 28 But this daughter of Abraham remembered his holy fortitude. \par 29 O holy mother of a nation avenger of the law, and defender of religion, and prime bearer in the battle of the affections! \par 30 O thou nobler in endurance than males, and more manly than men in patience! \par 31 For as the ark of Noah, bearing the world in the world-filling flood, bore up against the waves, \par 32 so thou, the guardian of the law, when surrounded on every side by the flood of passions, and straitened by violent storms which were the torments of they children, didst bear up nobly against the storms against religion. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 If, then, even a woman, and that an aged one, and the mother of seven children, endured to see her children's torments even unto death, confessedly religious reasoning is master even of the passions. \par 2 I have proved, then, that not only men have obtained the mastery of their passions, but also that a woman despised the greatest torments. \par 3 And not so fierce were the lions round Daniel, nor the furnace of Misael burning with most vehement fires as that natural love of children burned within her, when she beheld her seven sons tortured. \par 4 But with the reasoning of religion the mother quenched passions so great and powerful. \par 5 For we must consider also this: that, had the woman been faint hearted, as being their other, she would have lamented over them; and perhaps might have spoken thus: \par 6 Ah! wretched I, and many times miserable; who having born seven sons, have become the mother of none. \par 7 O seven useless childbirths, and seven profitless periods of labour, and fruitless givings of suck, and miserable nursings at the breast. \par 8 Vainly, for your sakes, O sons, have I endured many pangs, and the more difficult anxieties of rearing. \par 9 Alas, of my children, some of you unmarried, and some who have married to no profit, I shall not see your children, nor be felicitated as a grandmother. \par 10 Ah, that I who had many and fair children, should be a lone widow full of sorrows! \par 11 Nor, should I die, shall I have a son to bury me. But with such a lament is this the holy and God-fearing mother bewailed none of them. \par 12 Nor did she divert any of them from death, nor grieve for them as for the dead. \par 13 But as one possessed with an adamantine mind, and as one bringing forth again her full number of sons to immortality, she rather with supplication exhorted them to death in behalf of religion. \par 14 O woman, soldier of God for religion, thou, aged and a female, hast conquered through endurance even a tyrant; and though but weak, hast been found more powerful in deeds and words. \par 15 For when thou wast seized along with thy children, thou stoodest looking upon Eleazar in torments, and saidst to thy sons in the Hebrew tongue, \par 16 O sons, noble is the contest; to which you being called as a witness for the nation, strive zealously for the laws of your country. \par 17 For it were disgraceful that this old man should endure pains for the sake of righteousness, and that you who are younger should be afraid of the tortures. \par 18 Remember that through God ye obtained existence, and have enjoyed it. \par 19 And on this second account ye ought to bear every affliction because of God. \par 20 For whom also our father Abraham was forward to sacrifice Isaac our progenitor, and shuddered not at the sight of his own paternal hand descending down with the sword upon him. \par 21 And the righteous Daniel was cast unto the lions; and Ananias, and Azarias, and Misael, were slung out into a furnace of fire; yet they endured through God. \par 22 You, then, having the same faith towards God, be not troubled. \par 23 For it is unreasonable that they who know religion should not stand up against troubles. \par 24 With these arguments, the mother of seven, exhorting each of her sons, over-persuaded them from transgressing the commandment of God. \par 25 And they saw this, too, that they who die for God, live to God; as Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the patriarchs. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 And some of the spearbearers said, that when she herself was about to be seized for the purpose of being put to death, she threw herself upon the pile, rather than they should touch her person. \par 2 O thou mother, who together with seven children didst destroy the violence of the tyrant, and render void his wicked intentions, and exhibit the nobleness of faith! \par 3 For thou, as an house bravely built upon the pillar of thy children, didst bear without swaying, the shock of tortures. \par 4 Be of good cheer, therefore, O holy-minded mother! holding the firm \i substance of the\i0 hope of your steadfastness with God. \par 5 Not so gracious does the moon appear with the stars in heaven, as thou art established honourable before God, and fixed in the firmament with thy sons who thou didst illuminate with religion to the stars. \par 6 For thy bearing of children was after the fashion of a child of Abraham. \par 7 And, were it lawful for us to paint as on a tablet the religion of thy story, the spectators would not shudder at beholding the mother of seven children enduring for the sake of religion various tortures even unto death. \par 8 And it had been a worth thing to have inscribed upon the tomb itself these words as a memorial to those of the nation, \par 9 Here an aged priest, and an aged woman, and seven sons, are buried through the violence of a tyrant, who wished to destroy the polity of the Hebrews. \par 10 These also avenged their nation, looking unto God, and enduring torments unto death. \par 11 For it was truly a divine contest which was carried through by them. \par 12 For at that time virtue presided over the contest, approving the victory through endurance, namely, immortality, eternal life. \par 13 Eleazar was the first to contend: and the mother of the seven children entered the contest; and the brethren contended. \par 14 The tyrant was the opposite; and the world and living men were the spectators. \par 15 And reverence for God conquered, and crowned her own athletes. \par 16 Who did not admire those champions of true legislation? who were not astonied? \par 17 The tyrant himself, and all their council, admired their endurance; \par 18 through which, also, they now stand beside the divine throne, and live a blessed life. \par 19 For Moses saith, And all the saints are under thine hands. \par 20 These, therefore, having been sanctified through God, have been honoured not only with this honour, but that also by their means the enemy did not overcome our nation; \par 21 and that the tyrant was punished, and their country purified. \par 22 For they became the atnipoised to the sin of the nation; and the Divine Providence saved Israel, aforetime afflicted, by the blood of those pious ones, and the propitiatory death. \par 23 For the tyrant Antiochus, looking to their manly virtue, and to their endurance in torture, proclaimed that endurance as an example to his soldiers. \par 24 And they proved to be to him noble and brave for land battles and for sieges; and he conquered and stormed the towns of all his enemies. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 O Israelitish children, descendants of the seed of Abraham, obey this law, and in every way be religious. \par 2 Knowing that religious reasoning is lord of the passions, and those not only inward but outward. \par 3 When those persons giving up their bodies to pains for the sake of religion, were not only admired by men, but were deemed worthy of a divine portion. \par 4 And the nation through them obtained peace, and having renewed the observance of the law in their country, drove the enemy out of the land. \par 5 And the tyrant Antiochus was both punished upon earth, and is punished now he is dead; for when he was quite unable to compel the Israelites to adopt foreign customs, and to desert the manner of life of their fathers, \par 6 then, departing from Jerusalem, he made war against the Persians. \par 7 And the righteous mother of the seven children spake also as follows to her offspring: I was a pure virgin, and went not beyond my father's house; but I took care of the built-up rib. \par 8 No destroyer of the desert, or ravisher of the plain, injured me; nor did the destructive, deceitful snake, make spoil of my chaste virginity; and I remained with my husband during the period of my prime. \par 9 And these my children, having arrive at maturity, their father died: blessed was he! for having sought out a life of fertility in children, he was not grieved with a period of loss of children. \par 10 And he used to teach you, when yet with you, the law and the prophets. \par 11 He used to read to you the slaying of Abel by Cain, and the offering up of Isaac, and the imprisonment of Joseph. \par 12 And he used to tell you of the zealous Phinehas; and informed you of Ananias and Azarias, and Misael in the fire. \par 13 And he used to glorify Daniel, who was in the den of lions, and pronounce him blessed. \par 14 And he used to put you in mind of the scripture of Esaias, which saith, Even if thou pass through the fire, it shall not burn thee. \par 15 He chanted to you David, the hymn-writer, who saith, Many are the afflictions of the just. \par 16 He declared the proverbs of Solomon, who saith, He is a tree of life to all those who do His will. \par 17 He used to verify Ezekiel, who said, Shall these dry bones live? \par 18 For he did not forget the song which Moses taught, proclaiming, I will kill, and I will make to live. \par 19 This is our life, and the length of our days. \par 20 O that bitter, and yet not bitter, day when the bitter tyrant of the Greeks, quenching fire with fire in his cruel caldrons, brought with boiling rage the seven sons of the daughter of Abraham to the catapelt, and to all his torments! \par 21 He pierced the balls of their eyes, and cut out their tongues, and put them to death with varied tortures. \par 22 Wherefore divine retribution pursued and will pursue the pestilent wretch. \par 23 But the children of Abraham, with their victorious mother, are assembled together to the choir of their fathers; having received pure and immortal souls from God. \par 24 To whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 And what wonder? if the lusts of the soul, after participation with what is beautiful, are frustrated, \par 2 on this ground, therefore, the temperate Joseph is praised in that by reasoning, he subdued, on reflection, the indulgence of sense. \par 3 For, although young, and ripe for sexual intercourse, he abrogated by reasoning the stimulus of his passions. \par 4 And it is not merely the stimulus of sensual indulgence, but that of every desire, that reasoning is able to master. \par 5 For instance, the law says, Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor anything that belongs to thy neighbour. \par 6 Now, then, since it is the law which has forbidden us to desire, I shall much the more easily persuade you, that reasoning is able to govern our lusts, just as it does the affections which are impediments to justice. \par 7 Since in what way is a solitary eater, and a glutton, and a drunkard reclaimed, unless it be clear that reasoning is lord of the passions? \par 8 A man, therefore, who regulates his course by the law, even if he be a lover of money, straightway puts force upon his own disposition; lending to the needy without interest, and cancelling the debt of the incoming sabbath. \par 9 And should a man be parsimonious, he is ruled by the law acting through reasoning; so that he does not glean his harvest crops, nor vintage: and in reference to other points we may perceive that it is reasoning that conquers his passions. \par 10 For the law conquers even affection toward parents, not surrendering virtue on their account. \par 11 And it prevails over marriage love, condemning it when transgressing law. \par 12 And it lords it over the love of parents toward their children, for they punish them for vice; and it domineers over the intimacy of friends, reproving them when wicked. \par 13 And think it not a strange assertion that reasoning can in behalf of the law conquer even enmity. \par 14 It alloweth not to cut down the cultivated herbage of an enemy, but preserveth it from the destroyers, and collecteth their fallen ruins. \par 15 And reason appears to be master of the more violent passions, as love of empire and empty boasting, and slander. \par 16 For the temperate understanding repels all these malignant passions, as it does wrath: for it masters even this. \par 17 Thus Moses, when angered against Dathan and Abiram, did nothing to them in wrath, but regulated his anger by reasoning. \par 18 For the temperate mind is able, as I said, to be superior to the passions, and to transfer some, and destroy others. \par 19 For why, else, does our most wise father Jacob blame Simeon and Levi for having irrationally slain the whole race of the Shechemites, saying, Cursed be their anger. \par 20 For if reasoning did not possess the power of subduing angry affections, he would not have spoken thus. \par 21 For at the time when God created man, He implanted within him his passions and moral nature. \par 22 And at that time He enthroned above all the holy leader mind, through the medium of the senses. \par 23 And He gave a law to this mind, by living according to which it will maintain a temperate, and just, and good, and manly reign. \par 24 How, then, a man may say, if reasoning be master of the passions, has it no control over forgetfulness and ignorance? \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 The argument is exceedingly ridiculous: for reasoning does not appear to bear sway over its own affections, but over those of the body, \par 2 in such a way as that any one of you may not be able to root out desire, but reasoning will enable you to avoid being enslaved to it. \par 3 One may not be able to root out anger from the soul, but it is possible to withstand anger. \par 4 Any one of you may not be able to eradicate malice, but reasoning has force to work with you to prevent you yielding to malice. \par 5 For reasoning is not an eradicator, but an antagonist of the passions. \par 6 And this may be more clearly comprehended from the thirst of king David. \par 7 For after David had been attacking the Philistines the whole day, he with the soldiers of his nation slew many of them; \par 8 then when evening came, sweating and very weary, he came to the royal tent, about which the entire host of our ancestors was encamped. \par 9 Now all the rest of them were at supper; \par 10 but the king, being very much athirst, although he had numerous springs, could not by their means quench his thirst; \par 11 but a certain irrational longing for the water in the enemy's camp grew stronger and fiercer upon him, and consumed him with languish. \par 12 Wherefore his body-guards being troubled at this longing of the king, two valiant young soldiers, reverencing the desire of the king, put on their panoplies, and taking a pitcher, got over the ramparts of the enemies: \par 13 and unperceived by the guardians of the gate, they went throughout the whole camp of the enemy in quest. \par 14 And having boldly discovered the fountain, they filled out of it the draught for the king. \par 15 But he, though parched with thirst, reasoned that a draught reputed of equal value to blood, would be terribly dangerous to his soul. \par 16 Wherefore, setting up reasoning in opposition to his desire, he poured out the draught to God. \par 17 For the temperate mind has power to conquer the pressure of the passions, and to quench the fires of excitement, \par 18 and to wrestle down the pains of the body, however excessive; and, through the excellency of reasoning, to abominate all the assaults of the passions. \par 19 But the occasion now invites us to give an illustration of temperate reasoning from history. \par 20 For at a time when our fathers were in possession of undisturbed peace through obedience to the law, and were prosperous, so that Seleucus Nicanor, the king of Asia, both assigned them money for divine service, and accepted their form of government, \par 21 then certain persons, bringing in new things contrary to the general unanimity, in various ways fell into calamities. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 For a certain man named Simon, who was in opposition to Onias, who once held the high priesthood for life, and was an honourable and good man, after that by slandering him in every way, he could not injure him with the people, went away as an exile, with the intention of betraying his country. \par 2 Whence coming to Apollonius, the military governor of Syria, and Phoenicia, and Cilicia, he said, \par 3 Having good will to the king's affairs, I am come to inform thee that infinite private wealth is laid up in the treasuries of Jerusalem which do not belong to the temple, but pertain to king Seleucus. \par 4 Apollonius, acquainting himself with the particulars of this, praised Simon for his care of the king's interests, and going up to Seleucus informed him of the treasure; \par 5 and getting authority about it, and quickly advancing into our country with the accursed Simon and a very heavy force, \par 6 he said that he came with the commands of the king that he should take the private money of the treasure. \par 7 And the nation, indignant at this proclamation, and replying to the effect that it was extremely unfair that those who had committed deposits to the sacred treasury should be deprived of them, resisted as well as they could. \par 8 But Appolonius went away with threats into the temple. \par 9 And the priests, with the women and children, having supplicated God to throw his shield over the holy, despised place, \par 10 and Appolonius going up with his armed force to the seizure of the treasure,--there appeared from heaven angels riding on horseback, all radiant in armour, filling them with much fear and trembling. \par 11 And Apollonius fell half dead upon the court which is open to all nations, and extended his hands to heaven, and implored the Hebrews, with tears, to pray for him, and propitiate the heavenly host. \par 12 For he said that he had sinned, so as to be consequently worthy of death; and that if he were saved, he would celebrate to all men the blessedness of the holy place. \par 13 Onias the high priest, induced by these words, although for other reasons anxious that king Seleucus should not suppose that Apollonius was slain by human device and not by Divine punishment, prayed for him; \par 14 and he being thus unexpectedly saved, departed to manifest to the king what had happened to him. \par 15 But on the death of Seleucus the king, his son Antiochus Epiphanes succeeds to the kingdom: a man of haughty pride and terrible. \par 16 Who having deposed Onias from the high priesthood, appointed his brother Jason to be high priest: \par 17 who had made a covenant, if he would give him this authority, to pay yearly three thousand six hundred and sixty talents. \par 18 And he committed to him the high priesthood and rulership over the nation. \par 19 And he both changed the manner of living of the people, and perverted their civil customs into all lawlessness. \par 20 So that he not only erected a gymnasium on the very citadel of our country, \i but neglected\i0 the guardianship of the temple. \par 21 At which Divine vengeance being grieved, instigated Antiochus himself against them. \par 22 For being at war with Ptolemy in Egypt, he heard that on a report of his death being spread abroad, the inhabitants of Jerusalem had exceedingly rejoiced, and he quickly marched against them. \par 23 And having subdued them, he established a decree that if any of them lived according to the laws of his country he should die. \par 24 And when he could by no means destroy by his decrees the obedience to the law of the nation, but saw all his threats and punishments without effect, \par 25 for even women, because they continued to circumcise their children, were flung down a precipice along with them, knowing beforehand of the punishment. \par 26 When, therefore, his decrees were disregarded by the people, he himself compelled by means of tortures every one of this race, by tasting forbidden meats, to abjure the Jewish religion. \par } %{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 The tyrant Antiochus, therefore, sitting in public state with his assessors upon a certain lofty place, with his armed troops standing in a circle around him, commanded his spearbearers to seize every one of the Hebrews, and to compel them to taste swine's flesh, and things offered to idols. \par 2 \par 3 And should any of them be unwilling to eat the accursed food, they were to be tortured on the wheel, and so killed. \par 4 And when many had been seized, a foremost man of the assembly, a Hebrew, by name Eleazar, a priest by family, by profession a lawyer, and advanced in years, and for this reason known to many of the king's followers, was brought near to him. \par 5 And Antiochus seeing him, said, \par 6 I would counsel thee, old man, before thy tortures begin, to tasted the swine's flesh, and save your life; for I feel respect for your age and hoary head, which since you have had so long, you appear to me to be no philosopher in retaining the superstition of the Jews. \par 7 For wherefore, since nature has conferred upon you the most excellent flesh of this animal, do you loathe it? \par 8 It seems senseless not to enjoy what is pleasant, yet not disgraceful; and from notions of sinfulness, to reject the boons of nature. \par 9 And you will be acting, I think, still more senselessly, if you follow vain conceits about the truth. \par 10 And you will, moreover, be despising me to your own punishment. \par 11 Will you not awake from your trifling philosophy? and give up the folly of your notions; and, regaining understanding worthy of your age, search into the truth of an expedient course? \par 12 and, reverencing my kindly admonition, have pity upon your own years? \par 13 For, bear in mind, that if there be any power which watches over this religion of yours, it will pardon you for all transgressions of the law which you commit through compulsion. \par 14 While the tyrant incited him in this manner to the unlawful eating of flesh, Eleazar begged permission to speak. \par 15 And having received power to speak, he began thus to deliver himself: \par 16 We, O Antiochus, who are persuaded that we live under a divine law, consider no compulsion to be so forcible as obedience to that law; \par 17 wherefore we consider that we ought not in any point to transgress the law. \par 18 And indeed, were our law (as you suppose) not truly divine, and if we wrongly think it divine, we should have no right even in that case to destroy our sense of religion. \par 19 think not eating the unclean, then, a trifling offense. \par 20 For transgression of the law, whether in small or great matters, is of equal moment; \par 21 for in either case the law is equally slighted. \par 22 But thou deridest our philosophy, as though we lived irrationally in it. \par 23 Yet it instructs us in temperance, so that we are superior to all pleasures and lusts; and it exercises us in manliness, so that we cheerfully undergo every grievance. \par 24 And it instructs us in justice, so that in all our dealoings we render what is due; and it teaches us piety, so that we worship the one only God becomingly. \par 25 Wherefore it is that we eat not the unclean; for believing that the law was established by God, we are convinced that the Creator of the world, in giving his laws, sympathises with our nature. \par 26 Those things which are convenient to our souls, he has directed us to eat; but those which are repugnant to them, he has interdicted. \par 27 But, tyrant-like, thou not only forcest us to break the law, but also to eat, that thou mayest ridicule us as we thus profanely eat: \par 28 but thou shalt not have this cause of laughter against me; \par 29 nor will I transgress the sacred oaths of my forefathers to keep the law. \par 30 No, not if you pluck out my eyes, and consume my entrails. \par 31 I am not so old, and void of manliness, but that my rational powers are youthful in defence of my religion. \par 32 Now then; prepare your wheels, and kindle a fiercer flame. \par 33 I will not so compassionate my old age, as on my account to break the law of my country. \par 34 I will not belie thee, O law, my instructor! or forsake thee, O beloved self-control! \par 35 I will not put thee to shame, O philosopher Reason; or deny thee, O honoured priesthood, and science of the law. \par 36 Mouth! thou shalt not pollute my old age, nor the full stature of a perfect life. \par 37 My fathers shall receive me pure, not having quailed before your compulsion, though unto death. \par 38 For over the ungodly thou shalt tyrannize; but thou shalt not lord it over my thoughts about religion, either by thine arguments, or through deeds. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 When Eleazar had in this manner answered the exhortations of the tyrant, the spearbearers came up, and rudely haled Eleazar to the instruments of torture. \par 2 And first, they stripped the old man, adorned as he was with the comeliness of piety. \par 3 Then tying back his arms and hands, they disdainfully used him with stripes; \par 4 a herald opposite crying out, Obey the commands of the king. \par 5 But Eleazar, the high-minded and truly noble, as one tortured in a dream, regarded it not all. \par 6 But raising his eyes on high to heaven, the old man's flesh was stripped off by the scourges, and his blood streamed down, and his sides were pierced through. \par 7 And falling upon the ground, from his body having no power to support the pains, he yet kept his reasoning upright and unbending. \par 8 then one of the harsh spearbearers leaped upon his belly as he was falling, to force him upright. \par 9 But he endured the pains, and despised the cruelty, and persevered through the indignities; \par 10 and like a noble athlete, the old man, when struck, vanquished his torturers. \par 11 His countenance sweating, and he panting for breath, he was admired by the very torturers for his courage. \par 12 Wherefore, partly in pity for his old age, \par 13 partly from the sympathy of acquaintance, and partly in admiration of his endurance, some of the attendants of the king said, Why do you unreasonably destroy yourself, O Eleazar, with these miseries? \par 15 We will bring you some meat cooked by yourself, and do you save yourself by pretending that you have eaten swine's flesh. \par 16 And Eleazar, as though the advice more painfully tortured him, cried out, \par 17 Let not us who are children of Abraham be so evil advised as by giving way to make use of an unbecoming pretence; \par 18 for it were irrational, if having lived up to old age in all truth, and having scrupulously guarded our character for it, we should now turn back, \par 19 and ourselves should become a pattern of impiety to the young, as being an example of pollution eating. \par 20 It would be disgraceful if we should live on some short time, and that scorned by all men for cowardice, \par 21 and be condemned by the tyrant for unmanliness, by not contending to the death for our divine law. \par 22 Wherefore do you, O children of Abraham, die nobly for your religion. \par 23 Ye spearbearers of the tyrant, why do ye linger? \par 24 Beholding him so high-minded against misery, and not changing at their pity, they led him to the fire: \par 25 then with their wickedly-contrived instruments they burnt him on the fire, and poured stinking fluids down into his nostrils. \par 26 And he being at length burnt down to the bones, and about to expire, raised his eyes Godward, and said, \par 27 Thou knowest, O God, that when I might have been saved, I am slain for the sake of the law by tortures of fire. \par 28 Be merciful to thy people, and be satisfied with the punishment of me on their account. \par 29 Let my blood be a purification for them, and take my life in recompense for theirs. \par 30 Thus speaking, the holy man departed, noble in his torments, and even to the agonies of death resisted in his reasoning for the sake of the law. \par 31 Confessedly, therefore, religious reasoning is master of the passions. \par 32 For had the passions been superior to reasoning, I would have given them the witness of this mastery. \par 33 But now, since reasoning conquered the passions, we befittingly awared it the authority of first place. \par 34 And it is but fair that we should allow, that the power belongs to reasoning, since it masters external miseries. \par 35 Ridiculous would it be were it not so; and I prove that reasoning has not only mastered pains, but that it is also superior to the pleasures, and withstands them. \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 The reasoning of our father Eleazar, like a first-rate pilot, steering the vessel of piety in the sea of passions, \par 2 and flouted by the threats of the tyrant, and overwhelmed with the breakers of torture, \par 3 in no way shifted the rudder of piety till it sailed into the harbour of victory over death. \par 4 Not so has ever a city, when besieged, held out against many and various machines, as did that holy man, when his pious soul was tried with the fiery trial of tortures and rackings, move his besiegers through the religious reasoning that shielded him. \par 5 For father Eleazar, projecting his disposition, broke the raging wabves of the passions as with a jutting promontory. \par 6 O priest worthy of the priesthood! thou didst not pollute thy sacred teeth; nor make thine appetite, which had always embraced the clean and lawful, a partaker of profanity. \par 7 O harmonizer with the law, and sage devoted to a divine life! \par 8 Of such a character ought those to be who perform the duties of the law at the risk of their own blood, and defend it with generous sweat by sufferings even unto death. \par 9 Thou, father, hast gloriously established our right government by thy endurance; and making of much account our service past, prevented its destruction, and, by thy deeds, hast made credible the words of philosophy. \par 10 O aged man of more power than tortures, elder more vigorous than fire, greatest king over the passions, Eleazar! \par 11 For as father Aaron, armed with a censer, hastening through the consuming fire, vanquished the flame-bearing angel, \par 12 so, Eleazar, the descendant of Aaron, wasted away by the fire, did not give up his reasoning. \par 13 And, what is most wonderful, though an old man, though the labours of his body were now spent, and his fibres were relaxed, and his sinews worn out, he recovered youth. \par 14 By the spirit of reasoning, and the reasoning of Isaac, he rendered powerless the many-headed instrument. \par 15 O blessed old age, and reverend hoar head, and life obedient to the law, which the faithful seal of death perfected. \par 16 If, then, an old man, through religion, despised tortures even unto death, confessedly religious reasoning is ruler of the passions. \par 17 But perhaps some might say, It is not all who conquer passions, as all do not possess wise reasoning. \par 18 But they who have meditated upon religion with their whole heart, these alone can master the passions of the flesh; \par 19 they who believe that to God they die not; for, as our forefathers, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, they live to God. \par 20 This circumstance, then, is by no means an objection, that some who have weak reasoning, are governed by their passions: \par 21 since what person, walking religiously by the whole rule of philosophy, and believing in God, \par 22 and knowing that it is a blessed thing to endure all kinds of hardships for virture, would not, for the sake of religion, master his passion? \par 23 For the wise and brave man only is lord over his passions. \par 24 Whence it is, that even boys, imbued with the philosophy of religious reasoning, have conquered still more bitter tortures: \par 25 for when the tyrant was manifestly vanquished in his first attempt, in being unable to force the old man to eat the unclean thing,- \par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 Then, indeed, vehemently swayed with passion, he commanded to bring others of the adult Hebrews, and if they would eat of the unclean thing, to let them go when they had eaten; but if they objected, to torment them more grievously. \par 2 The tyrant having given this charge, seven brethren were brought into his presence, along with their aged mother, handsome, and modest, and well-born, and altogether comely. \par 3 Whom, when the tyrant beheld, encircling their mother as in a dance, he was pleased at them; and being struck with their becoming and ingenuous mien, smiled upon them, and calling them near, said: \par 4 O youths, with favourable feelings, I admire the beauty of each of you; and greatly honouring so numerous a band of brethren, I not only counsel you not to share the madness of the old man who has been tortured before, \par 5 but I do beg you to yield, and to enjoy my friendship; for I possess the power, not only of punishing those who disobey my commands, but of doing good to those who obey them. \par 6 Put confidence in me, then, and you shall receive places of authority in my government, if you forsake your national ordinance, \par 7 and, conforming to the Greek mode of life, alter your rule, and revel in youth's delights. \par 8 For if you provoke me by your disobedience, you will compel me to destroy you, every one, with terrible punishments by tortures. \par 9 Have mercy, then, upon your own selves, whom I, although an enemy, compassionate for your age and comeliness. \par 10 Will you not reason upon this--that if you disobey, there will be nothing left for you but to die in tortures? \par 11 Thus speaking, he ordered the instruments of torture to be brought forward, that very fear might prevail upon them to eat unclean meat. \par 12 And when the spearman brought forward the wheels, and the racks, and the hooks, and catapeltae, and caldrons, pans, and finger-racks, and iron hands and wedges, and bellows, the tyrant continue: \par 13 Fear, young men, and the righteousness which ye worship will be merciful to you if you err from compulsion. \par 14 Now they having listened to these words of persuasion, and seeing the fearful instruments, not only were not afraid, but even answered the arguments of the tyrant, and through their good reasoning destroyed his power. \par 15 Now let us consider the matter: had any of them been weak-spirited and cowardly among them, what reasonings would they have employed but these? \par 16 O wretched that we are, and exceeding senseless! when the king exhorts us, and calls us to his bounty, should we not obey him? \par 17 Why do we cheer ourselves with vain counsels, and venture upon a disobedience bringing death? \par 18 Shall we not fear, O brethren, the instruments of torture and weigh the threatenings of torment and shun this vain-glory and destructive pride? \par 19 Let us have compassion upon our age and relent over the years of our mother. \par 20 And let us bear in mind that we shall be dying as rebels. \par 21 And Divine Justice will pardon us if we fear the king through necessity. \par 22 Why withdraw ourselves from a most sweet life, and deprive ourselves of this pleasant world? \par 23 Let us not oppose necessity, nor seek vain-glory by our own excruciation. \par 24 The law itself is not forward to put us to death, if we dread torture. \par 25 Whence has such angry zeal taken root in us, and such fatal obstinacy approved itself to us, when we might live unmolested by the king? \par 26 But nothing of this kind did the young men say or think when about to be tortured. \par 27 For they were well aware of the sufferings, and masters of the pains. So that as soon as the tyrant had ceased counselling them to eat the unclean, they altogether with one voice, as from the same heart said: \par } !{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 Why delayest thou, O tyrant? for we are readier to die than to transgress the injunctions of our fathers. \par 2 And we should be disgracing our fathers if we did not obey the law, and take knowledge for our guide. \par 3 O tyrant, counsellor of law-breaking, do not, hating us as thou dost, pity us more than we pity ourselves. \par 4 For we account escape to be worse than death. \par 5 And you think to scare us, by threatening us with death by tortures, as though thou hadst learned nothing by the death of Eleazar. \par 6 But if aged men of the Hebrews have died in the cause of religion after enduring torture, more rightly should we younger men die, scorning your cruel tortures, which our aged instructor overcame. \par 7 Make the attempt, then, O tyrant; and if thou puttest us to death for our religion, think not that thou harmest us by torturing us. \par 8 For we through this ill-treatment and endurance shall bear off the rewards of virtue. \par 9 But thou, for the wicked and despotic slaughter of us, shalt, from the Divine vengeance, endure eternal torture by fire. \par 10 When they had thus spoken, the tyrant was not only exasperated against them as being refractory, but enraged with them as being ungrateful. \par 11 So that, at his bidding, the torturers brought forth the eldest of them, and tearing through his tunic, bound his hands and arms on each side with thongs. \par 12 And when they had laboured hard without effect in scourging him, they hurled him upon the wheel. \par 13 And the noble youth, extended upon this, became dislocated. \par 14 And with every member disjointed, he exclaimed in expostulation, \par 15 O most accursed tyrant, and enemy of heavenly justice, and cruel-hearted, I am no murderer, nor sacrilegious man, whom thou thus ill-usest; but a defender of the Divine law. \par 16 And when the spearmen said, Consent to eat, that you may be releasted from your tortures,-- \par 17 he answered, Not so powerful, O accursed ministers, is your wheel, as to stifle my reasoning; cut my limbs, and burn my flesh, and twist my joints. \par 18 For through all my torments I will convince you that the children of the Hebrews are alone unconquered in behalf of virtue. \par 19 While he was saying this, they heaped up fuel, and setting fire to it, strained him upon the wheel still more. \par 20 And the wheel was defiled all over with blood, and the hot ashes were quenched by the droppings of gore, and pieces of flesh were scattered about the axles of the machine. \par 21 And although the framework of his bones was now destroyed the high-minded and Abrahamic youth did not groan. \par 22 But, as though transformed by fire into immortality, he nobly endured the rackings, saying \par 23 Imitate me, O brethren, nor ever desert your station, nor abjure my brotherhood in courage: fight the holy and honourable fight of religion; \par 24 by which means our just and paternal Providence, becoming merciful to the nation, will punish the pestilent tyrant. \par 25 And saying this, the revered youth abruptly closed his life. \par 26 And when all admired his courageous soul, the spearmen brought forward him who was second in point of age, and having put on iron hands, bound him with pointed hooks to the catapelt. \par 27 And when, on enquiring whether he would eat before he was tortured, they heard his noble sentiment, \par 28 after they with the iron hands had violently dragged all the flesh from the neck to the chin, the panther-like beasts tore off the very skin of his head: but he, bearing with firmness this misery, said, \par 29 How sweet is every form of death for the religion of our fathers! and he said to the tyrant, \par 30 Thinkest thou not, most cruel of all tyrants, that thou art now tortured more than I, finding thine overweening conception of tyranny conquered by our patience in behalf of our religion? \par 31 For I lighten my suffering by the pleasures which are connected with virtue. \par 32 But thou art tortured with threatenings for impiety; and thou shalt not escape, most corrupt tyrant, the vengeance of Divine wrath.\par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 O Lord, Almighty God of our fathers, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and of their righteous seed;\par 2 who hast made heaven and earth, with all the ornament thereof;\par 3 who hast bound the sea by the word of thy commandment; who hast shut up the deep, and sealed it by thy terrible and glorious name;\par 4 whom all men fear, and tremble before thy power;\par 5 for the majesty of thy glory cannot be borne, and thine angry threatening toward sinners is importable:\par 6 but thy merciful promise is unmeasurable and unsearchable;\par 7 for thou art the most high Lord, of great compassion, longsuffering, very merciful, and repentest of the evils of men. Thou, O Lord, according to thy great goodness hast promised repentance and forgiveness to them that have sinned against thee: and of thine infinite mercies hast appointed repentance unto sinners, that they may be saved.\par 8 Thou therefore, O Lord, that art the God of the just, hast not appointed repentance to the just, as to Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, which have not sinned against thee; but thou hast appointed repentance unto me that am a sinner:\par 9 for I have sinned above the number of the sands of the sea. My transgressions, O Lord, are multiplied: my transgressions are multiplied, and I am not worthy to behold and see the height of heaven for the multitude of mine iniquities.\par 10 I am bowed down with many iron bands, that I cannot lift up mine head, neither have any release: for I have provoked thy wrath, and done evil before thee: I did not thy will, neither kept I thy commandments: I have set up abominations, and have multiplied offences.\par 11 Now therefore I bow the knee of mine heart, beseeching thee of grace.\par 12 I have sinned, O Lord, I have sinned, and I acknowledge mine iniquities:\par 13 wherefore, I humbly beseech thee, forgive me, O Lord, forgive me, and destroy me not with mine iniquities. Be not angry with me for ever, by reserving evil for me; neither condemn me to the lower parts of the earth. For thou art the God, even the God of them that repent;\par 14 and in me thou wilt shew all thy goodness: for thou wilt save me, that am unworthy, according to thy great mercy.\par 15 Therefore I will praise thee for ever all the days of my life: for all the powers of the heavens do praise thee, and thine is the glory for ever and ever. Amen.\par } {\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0\deflang1040{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Palatino Linotype;}} \viewkind4\uc1\pard\f0\fs24 1 This Psalm is a genuine one of David, though supernumerary, composed when he fought in single combat with \{Alex. Goliath\} Goliad. - I was small among my brethren, and youngest in my father\rquote s house: I tended my father\rquote s sheep. \par 2 My hands formed a musical instrument, and my fingers tuned a psaltery. \par 3 And who shall tell my Lord? the Lord himself, he himself hears. \par 4 He sent forth his angel, and took me from my father\rquote s sheep, and he anointed me with the oil of his anointing. \par 5 My brothers were handsome and tall; but the Lord did not take pleasure in them. \par 6 I went forth to meet the Philistine; and he cursed me by his idols. \par 7 But I drew his own sword, and beheaded him, and removed reproach from the children of Israel. \par } 1Esdras 1|1Esdras 2|1Esdras 3|1Esdras 4|1Esdras 5|1Esdras 6|1Esdras 7|1Esdras 8|1Esdras 9|3Maccabees 1|3Maccabees 2|3Maccabees 3|3Maccabees 4|3Maccabees 5|3Maccabees 6|3Maccabees 7|4Maccabees 1|4Maccabees 10|4Maccabees 11|4Maccabees 12|4Maccabees 13|4Maccabees 14|4Maccabees 15|4Maccabees 16|4Maccabees 17|4Maccabees 18|4Maccabees 2|4Maccabees 3|4Maccabees 4|4Maccabees 5|4Maccabees 6|4Maccabees 7|4Maccabees 8|4Maccabees 9|Prayer of Manasses 1|Psalm 151|.$86EhVsV( !$8lOab-fN 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" # $ % % & & & ( ( ( & ' ) / * + + + , - - . / 0 0 0 / / / / 1 1 1 1 4 2 3 3 D5 *Prayer of Manasses Prayer of Manasses 1 3Maccabees 3Maccabees 1 3Maccabees 2 3Maccabees 3 3Maccabees 4 3Maccabees 5 3Maccabees 6 3Maccabees 7 4Maccabees 4Maccabees 1 4Maccabees 2 4Maccabees 3 4Maccabees 4 4Maccabees 5 4Maccabees 6 4Maccabees 7 4Maccabees 8 4Maccabees 9 4Maccabees 10 4Maccabees 11 4Maccabees 12 4Maccabees 13 4Maccabees 14 4Maccabees 15 4Maccabees 16 4Maccabees 17 4Maccabees 181Esdras 1Esdras 1 1Esdras 2 1Esdras 3 1Esdras 4 1Esdras 5 1Esdras 6 1Esdras 7 1Esdras 8 1Esdras 9Psalms Psalm 151